Module 1: The Colonial Period

Q: In what year was the Treaty of Tordesillas signed?

1494

Q: Which country received Brazil under the Treaty of Tordesillas?

Portugal

Q: Who led an expedition to the southeastern United States from 1539–1541?

A: Hernando de Soto

Q: Which regions did Hernando de Soto explore?

A: From Oklahoma to the Mississippi River

Q: During which years did Francisco Vazques de Coronado Coronado’s expedition occur, through the Rio Grande into New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas

A: 1540–1542

Q: What major effect did Spanish conquistadors have on indigenous populations?

A: Brought diseases that devastated Native Americans with no immunity

Q: Why were early Spanish expeditions in North America important despite not finding wealthy civilizations?

A: They increased European knowledge of the interior and asserted Spain’s territorial claims

Q: What were Spain’s goals in the New World?

A: Spread Catholicism and exploit resources that would benefit the growth of their country

What was the first established English country and when was it established

Jamestown, Virgina 1607

Q: Which companies received charters from King James I?

A: Virginia Company of London and Virginia Company of Plymouth

Q: How did France explore North America?

A: France explored Quebec through Samuel de Champlain in 1606; Netherlands: Hudson River by Hudson, 1609, posts at New Amsterdam & Fort Orange

Q: How did the Netherlands explore North America

Henry Hudson, used the Hudson river to set up posts at New Amsterdam and Fort Orange

Q: What were the Navigation Acts?

Navigation Acts (1651–1673) controlled trade

What is the Half-Way Covenant and what does it do?

A: Half-Way Covenant (mid-1600s) gave partial church membership;

Q: What major New England conflicts occurred?

A: King Philip’s War (1675, ~2,000 settlers died) and Salem Witch Trials (1692)

Q: What was England’s role in North America by the 1700s?

A: Major trading empire; British America was powerful and populous

Q: When did commercial and territorial conflict occur between the Dutch and English?

A: 1660s

Q: Which indigenous group helped the English with trade?

A: The Iroquois

Q: How did Southern colonies rely on labor for plantation crops?

A: Used African slaves and Native American labor for tobacco and other crops

Q: What restrictions did white women face in the British North American colonies?

A: Could not hold property or make legal contracts after marriage

Q: What factors contributed to population growth in the colonies in the 1700s?

A: Natural increase, prosperity, healthy environment, and large-scale immigration from England, Ireland, Scotland, and Germany