Wundt vs James

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What literature heavily influenced Wundt’s work?

The Principles of Psychophysics by Gustav Fechner

When did Wundt create the first ever psychology laboratory?

1875

When did Wundt start the first ever Psychology journal?

1881

What are the two types of experience patients reported in Wundt’s lab?

Mediate and immediate experience

What is the immediate experience according to Wundt?

The mind’s reaction to a stimulus without the influence of cognitive reflection

What experience did introspection focus on?

immediate

Wundt had no interest in analysing psychology beyond the results of his experiments, what is the name of this approach?

Anti-metaphysical

Wundt used the same experimental ethos as Donders. Experiments were operationalised through time. What is the name of this ethos?

Mental Chronometry

What did Wundt also define in his lab?

Difference between sensation and perception

How did Wundt differ from the Psychophysical approach to cognition?

Wundt believed that the psychological and physical mechanics of cognition were two separate entities

When did William James write the first ever Psychology text-book?

Principles of Psychology was written in 1890

What were some examples of elements of cognition that William James worked on?

Memory, attention and emotion

What were the names of the two types of memory developed by James that are similar to the LTM and STM?

Primary memory and memory proper

How does James’s theory of consciousness contain similarities with cognitive neuroscience?

James saw conscious as a continuous stream of thought opposed to a sequence of ideas

Outline the James-Lange theory of emotion?

We appraise our physiological response to a stimulus which leads to the affective response

What are two counterpoints to the James Lange theory of emotion?

Cannot explain emotion without arousal and does not account for learning

Outline James’ philosophy, functionalism:

Find the cause/function of behavior, link external behavior to an internal concept

Outline Wundt’s philosophy, Structuralism:

Breakdown complex mental constructs and analyse their individual parts

What was the name of the female scientist that worked with James on theories of associative learning? (She went on to be the first ever female president of the APA)

Mary Calkins