Unit 2 - Epithelial Tissue (copy)

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1

What is the main function of epithelial tissue in the human body?

Epithelial tissue serves as a boundary between different environments, providing protection, absorption, secretion, and sensation.

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2

How are epithelial layers classified in terms of vascularity?

Epithelial layers are avascular but innervated, meaning they lack blood vessels but contain nerve endings.

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3

What are the two types of glands composed of epithelial tissue?

Exocrine and endocrine glands.

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4

What role do cilia play in the respiratory system?

Cilia move mucus and trapped particles upward towards the throat, forming a mucociliary escalator.

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5

Describe the structure of epithelial cells in terms of orientation and layers.

Epithelial cells have a polarized structure with one surface oriented towards a cavity or external environment and the other anchored to a basement membrane.

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6

What types of cellular junctions stabilize epithelial tissues?

Tight junctions, anchoring junctions (including desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, and adherens), and gap junctions.

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7

What are the characteristics of tight junctions?

Tight junctions separate cells into apical and basal compartments, preventing leakage between the cells.

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8

What is the role of desmosomes in epithelial tissue?

Desmosomes stabilize the epithelial tissue by providing strong, flexible connections between adjacent cells.

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9

What distinguishes hemidesmosomes from other junctions?

Hemidesmosomes link epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix, such as the basal lamina, using integrins.

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10

How does the arrangement of organelles differ in epithelial cells?

Epithelial cells have a polarized distribution of organelles and membrane-bound proteins between their basal and apical surfaces.

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