ap review p1 p2

Mercantilism

colonies existed for the good of the mother country by providing raw materials and markets for finished goods.

Salutary neglect

Navigation Acts were not enforced; colonies illegally traded with countries other than England

Sectional differences in the colonies

New England (lumber, fishing, trade); Middle (“bread” colonies); Southern (tobacco, rice, indigo); freedom of religion developed primarily in the North while the South was concerned primarily with economic issues

Indentured servants:

allowed poor people to come to the American colonies in exchange for labor for a specified number of years.

Proclamation of 1763

beginning of American-English conflict

Articles of Confederation

drawn up by Continental Congress; denied strong power to the central government

Washington's Farewell Address

warned against political parties and foreign alliances while emphasizing the importance of national unity.

Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality

European rivalries exploited to the advantage of the U.S.

Election of 1800

Federalists left office peacefully; Jefferson did not seek revenge against Federalists; as president, Jefferson reduced the scope of federal activity/ He went by the constitution strictly

Louisiana Purchase

agrarianism; control of the Mississippi River; issue of constitutionality; French control of Louisiana was hurt by the Haitian slave revolt

John Marshall

protected private property; strengthened the central government and the Supreme Court; Marbury v Madison established judicial review ——he was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States who played a key role in establishing the judiciary as a co-equal branch of government.

Embargo of 1807

intended to prevent U.S. involvement in European war by prohibiting American ships from trading with foreign nations, particularly Britain and France. It ultimately harmed the U.S. economy and was highly unpopular.