Hypo/Hyperglycemia Quiz

Definition / Risk HYPER

a. Hospitalized patients at increased risk due to __________, __________, altered __________, and certain __________
b. Blood glucose > __________ mg/dL (book says > __________ mg/dL)

a. Illness, stress, nutrition, medications
b. > 200 mg/dL (sometimes > 180, but book = > 200 mg/dL)

Classic Symptoms (3 P’s) HYPER

a. __________ (excessive thirst)
b. __________ (excessive urination)
c. __________ (excessive hunger)

a. Polydipsia
b. Polyuria
c. Polyphagia

Microvascular: HYPER
a. Diabetic __________ (eye damage)
b. __________ (nerve damage)
c. __________ (kidney damage)
d. __________ dysfunction

 a. Retinopathy
b. Neuropathy
c. Nephropathy
d. Sexual dysfunction

Macrovascular: HYPER
a. __________ disease
b. Increased risk of __________
c. Impaired __________
d. Poor __________ → ischemia → tissue damage & __________

 a. Cardiovascular
b. Stroke (CVA)
c. Immunity
d. Perfusion, scarring

Definition HYPO

a. Blood glucose < __________ mg/dL
b. Duration of insulin effect: __________ – __________ hr

a. 70
b. 18–24

Symptoms HYPO

a. __________ / Fatigue
b. __________ (altered mental status)
c. __________ (diaphoresis)
d. __________ (tremors)
e. __________ (nervousness)
f. Severe: __________, __________ → death

a. Weakness
b. Confusion
c. Sweaty
d. Shaky
e. Anxiety
f. Seizures, coma

Causes

a. Too much __________
b. Wrong __________ of insulin
c. Wrong __________ of insulin given
d. Not enough __________ intake

a. Insulin
b. Timing
c. Type
d. Food

Causes
e. Delayed gastric emptying from __________
f. Decreased liver glucose production (e.g., __________)
g. Decreased insulin clearance (e.g., __________ failure)

 e. Gastroparesis
f. Alcohol
g. Kidney

Treating Hypoglycemia

Mild (< 70 mg/dL):

• Give __________ g CHO

• Recheck in __________ mins

• 15 g CHO

• 15 mins
  

Treating Hypoglycemia

Moderate (< 40 mg/dL):

• Give __________ g CHO

• Recheck in __________ mins

• If still < __________ mg/dL, repeat

• Follow with __________

• 30 g CHO

• 15 mins

• 60

• Snack
  

Treatment Hypoglycemia

Severe (< 20 mg/dL):

• Give __________ IM
  

• Recheck in __________ mins
  

• Repeat if glucose still low or patient remains __________
  

• Glucagon

• 15 mins

• Unconscious