Genetic Fingerprinting

genome

all DNA in a cell

proteome

range of proteins genome can code for

tandem repeats

base sequence that doesn't code for proteins and repeat next to each other

occurs in lots of places in genome

how long are strs

1-6 bases long

how long are vntrs

10-100

how are vntrs used (general)

number of times repeated varies= length varies (unique)

what does fingerprinting involve and why

comparing number of repeats
probability of same repeats at each location very low

process

re cut DNA fragments

primers added to fragments containing STR/VNTRs

PCR amplifies

labels added

length dependent on number of repeats

what happens once labels added

undergo electrophoresis
loaded into wells
electric current applied
fragment negatively charged so move towards electrode
seperated by size and viewed under uv
compared

uses x7

determine relationships
determine genetic variability
forensic science
medical diagnosis
evolutionary biology
genealogy
animal/plant breeding (selection)