blood vessels

92 vocabulary-style flashcards covering the origins, destinations, and functions of the major abdominal and pelvic vessels mentioned in the lecture notes.

Abdominal Aorta

Continuation of the thoracic aorta; gives off all major abdominal arteries (celiac trunk, SMA, IMA, etc.).

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC)

Formed by the common iliac veins; ascends to enter the right atrium.

Inferior Phrenic Arteries

Paired branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the inferior surface of the diaphragm.

Inferior Phrenic Veins

Drain the diaphragm to the IVC (right) or to the left renal vein (left).

Renal Arteries

Branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys.

Renal Veins

Drain the kidneys directly into the IVC.

Suprarenal (Adrenal) Veins

Right vein empties into the IVC; left vein drains into the left renal vein.

Superior Suprarenal Arteries

Arise from the inferior phrenic arteries to supply the adrenal glands.

Middle Suprarenal Arteries

Direct branches of the abdominal aorta to the adrenal glands.

Inferior Suprarenal Arteries

Arise from the renal arteries to supply the adrenal glands.

Ascending Lumbar Veins

Vertical channels that drain lumbar veins to azygos (right) or hemiazygos (left) systems.

Lumbar Arteries

Posterolateral branches of the abdominal aorta to the posterior abdominal wall and spinal cord.

Lumbar Veins

Drain posterior wall structures to the IVC or ascending lumbar veins.

Testicular Arteries

Paired branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the testes.

Ovarian Arteries

Paired branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the ovaries.

Right Testicular/Ovarian Vein

Returns blood from the gonad directly to the IVC.

Left Testicular/Ovarian Vein

Returns blood from the gonad to the left renal vein.

Common Iliac Arteries

Terminal branches of the abdominal aorta that divide into internal and external iliac arteries.

Common Iliac Veins

Formed by internal and external iliac veins; unite to form the IVC.

External Iliac Arteries

Continue as the femoral arteries after passing under the inguinal ligament.

External Iliac Veins

Drain the femoral veins into the common iliac veins.

Internal Iliac Arteries

Primary blood supply to pelvic organs and the gluteal region.

Internal Iliac Veins

Drain pelvic organs into the common iliac veins.

Celiac Trunk

First unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta; gives off left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries.

Splenic Artery

Branch of the celiac trunk that supplies the spleen, pancreas, and stomach.

Splenic Vein

Drains the spleen and pancreas to the portal vein.

Common Hepatic Artery

Branch of the celiac trunk that divides into proper hepatic and gastroduodenal arteries.

Proper Hepatic Artery

Continuation of the common hepatic artery; supplies the liver.

Left Gastric Artery

Branch of the celiac trunk to the lesser curvature of the stomach.

Right Gastric Artery

Branch of the proper hepatic artery to the lesser curvature of the stomach.

Gastric Vein

Drains blood from the stomach into the portal vein.

Left Gastroepiploic Artery

Branch of the splenic artery to the greater curvature of the stomach.

Right Gastroepiploic Artery

Branch of the gastroduodenal artery to the greater curvature of the stomach.

Gastroepiploic Veins

Drain the greater curvature of the stomach to the SMV or splenic vein.

Short Gastric Arteries

Branches of the splenic artery to the fundus of the stomach.

Short Gastric Veins

Drain the fundus of the stomach to the splenic vein.

Hepatic Arteries (R, L, Middle)

Branches of the proper hepatic artery that supply the liver.

Hepatic Veins (R, L, Middle)

Drain the liver into the IVC.

Portal Vein

Formed by the SMV, splenic vein, and IMV; carries nutrient-rich blood to the liver.

Liver Sinusoids

Capillary channels receiving blood from portal vein and hepatic artery; drain to central veins.

Central Vein (of Liver)

Collects blood from sinusoids and drains into hepatic veins.

Cystic Artery

Branch of the right hepatic artery that supplies the gallbladder.

Cystic Vein

Drains the gallbladder to the portal vein or directly into the liver.

Gastroduodenal Artery

Branch of the common hepatic artery; gives off right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.

Superior Posterior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

Branch of the gastroduodenal artery to the duodenum and pancreas (posterior).

Superior Anterior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

Branch of the gastroduodenal artery to the duodenum and pancreas (anterior).

Inferior Posterior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

Branch of the SMA to the posterior duodenum and pancreas.

Inferior Anterior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

Branch of the SMA to the anterior duodenum and pancreas.

Pancreatic Arteries

Numerous branches of the splenic artery that supply the pancreas.

Pancreatic Veins

Drain the pancreas to the splenic vein.

Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA)

Branch of the abdominal aorta supplying the small intestine, cecum, ascending and transverse colon.

Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV)

Drains the small intestine and colon to the portal vein.

Inferior Mesenteric Artery (IMA)

Branch of the abdominal aorta supplying the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.

Inferior Mesenteric Vein (IMV)

Drains the distal colon and rectum to the splenic vein.

Ileal Arteries

Branches of the SMA that supply the ileum.

Ileal Veins

Drain the ileum to the SMV.

Ileal Arcades

Looping branches of ileal arteries that give rise to vasa recta.

Ileal Vasa Recta

Straight arteries from ileal arcades to the ileum.

Jejunal Arteries

Branches of the SMA that supply the jejunum.

Jejunal Veins

Drain the jejunum to the SMV.

Jejunal Arcades

Looping branches of jejunal arteries that give rise to vasa recta.

Jejunal Vasa Recta

Straight arteries from jejunal arcades to the jejunum.

Ileocolic Artery

Branch of the SMA to the ileum, cecum, and appendix.

Ileocolic Vein

Drains ileum, cecum, and appendix to the SMV.

Right Colic Artery

Branch of the SMA to the ascending colon.

Right Colic Vein

Drains the ascending colon to the SMV.

Middle Colic Artery

Branch of the SMA to the transverse colon.

Middle Colic Vein

Drains the transverse colon to the SMV.

Left Colic Artery

Branch of the IMA to the descending colon.

Left Colic Vein

Drains the descending colon to the IMV.

Sigmoid Arteries

Branches of the IMA to the sigmoid colon.

Sigmoid Veins

Drain the sigmoid colon to the IMV.

Marginal Artery (of Drummond)

Continuous anastomotic artery along the colon formed by colic branches.

Marginal Vein

Companion vein of the marginal artery; drains to SMV or IMV.

Superior Rectal Artery

Terminal branch of the IMA supplying the rectum.

Superior Rectal Vein

Drains the rectum to the IMV.

Median (Middle) Sacral Artery

Midline branch of the abdominal aorta descending over the sacrum and coccyx.

Median Sacral Vein

Drains to the left common iliac vein.

Umbilical Artery

Branch of the internal iliac artery that becomes the medial umbilical ligament after birth.

Superior Vesical Artery

Branch of the umbilical artery to the upper portion of the bladder.

Inferior Vesical Artery

Branch of the internal iliac artery to the lower bladder, prostate, and seminal vesicles.

Obturator Artery

Branch of the internal iliac artery supplying the medial thigh.

Vaginal Artery

Branch of the internal iliac artery to the vagina.

Vaginal Vein

Drains the vagina to the internal iliac vein.

Uterine Artery

Branch of the internal iliac artery supplying the uterus.

Uterine Vein

Drains the uterus to the internal iliac vein.

Internal Pudendal Artery

Branch of the internal iliac artery to the perineum.

Perineal Artery

Branch of the internal pudendal artery supplying superficial perineal structures.

Deep Artery of Clitoris/Penis

Branch of the internal pudendal artery to erectile tissue.

Inferior Rectal Arteries

Branches of the internal pudendal artery to the lower rectum and anus.

Middle Rectal Artery

Branch of the internal iliac artery to the rectum.

Superior Gluteal Artery

Largest branch of the internal iliac artery; supplies gluteal muscles.

Inferior Gluteal Artery

Branch of the internal iliac artery to gluteal muscles and posterior thigh.