Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
a homogenous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase; if one substance is a solid, it must be soluble in the liquid
solution
the dissolving medium
solvent
in an aqueous solution, what is the solvent
water
the substance dissolved
solute
in a salt water solution, what is the solute
salt
when both substances are the same phase, the volume of the solvent is _________ than the volume of the solute
greater
what are three factors than affect the rate of dissolution (solid solute)?
increasing the surface area of the solute
agitating a solutiion
heating the solvent
the dissolution process occurs at the ____ of the solute so if more surface is exposed, the solute will dissolve ______
surface, quicker
the concentration of the dissolved solute is very close to the solute surface. By ____ the mixture, the solute particles are dispersed and are able to contact ________
stirring, “fresh” solvent particles
as temperature increases, the rate of dissolving____
increases
increasing the KE (motion) of the molecules is similar to _____ the solution (except gas)
mixing
the quantity of solute that can be added to a quantity of solvent to make a saturated solution at a given temperature and pressure
solubility
the solvent is able to dissolve more solute particles
unsaturated
the solution holds as many solute particles that it can possibly hold. any more solute will sink as precipitate
saturated
in what type of solution is there an equilibrium between dissolved particles of solute and solid particles of solute
a saturated solution
rate of dissolving = rate of _______
crystalization
when does a supersaturated solution occur?
when a solution holds more solute than what “should be” possible
polar ____ dissolve in polar solvents
solutes
why does the polarity of water make It an ideal solvent for polar or ionic solutes?
water molecules force themselves between ions in an ionic solid causing the ions to separate and “dissolve”
why will water not dissolve non polar substances?
the water molecules are more attracted to each other (polarity) than the non polar substance (oil floats on water)
nonpolar solutes dissolove in _______
nonpolar solvents
what is an example of two nonpolar substances dissolving?
nail polish - made of acetone, which basically dissolves the enamel to remove it
