Syllabus chapter 2 quiz 2

Reliability

Reliability

Refers to the consistency of a task

Valid

The extent to which the task measures what it claims to measure

Split half reliability

measures the reliability of items within a test by looking whether half the test produces similar results to the other half

Inter-rater reliability

whether one researcher is consistent over time / how similar two researchers record the same results

Test-retest

measures the reliability of a test over time by checking that two tests have same or similar results

Population validity

the extent to which how well the sample used in the study can be generalised to the target population and then the whole population

Ecological validity

the extent to which the findings of a study can be generalised to other situations

Temporal validity

the extent to which the findings of a study can be generalised to different time periods

Replicability

Other psychologists can repeat the study to see if the results are consistent

Experiment

Measured DV, manipulated IV, tests for causual relationships between the DV and IV and it is standardised

Laboratory experiment

Measures dv. Manipulated IV. Done in a lab for more control.
PROS: can clearly see the cause and effect relationship, standardised, more ethical
CONS: low in ecological validity and demand characteristics

Field experiment

Measures dv. Manipulated IV. Done in a natural environment so there is less control.
PROS: good ecological validity, less demand characteristics
CONS: uncontrolled variables, not standardised, not as ethical

Independent variable

What is being manipulated in the test

Dependent variable

What is being kept the same throughout the test

Participant variables

Aspects of a persons background, personality, cognitive abilities, health, wellbeing et cetera that affect how they behave or respond in a study. Random allocation of participants to experiments can help overcome the effects of participant variables on results.

Situational variables

Any aspect of the environment that could impact participants behaviour and affect the results.

Experimental condition

The condition in which the independent variable is present

Controlled condition

The condition in which the independent variable is absent