biology - plants, animals and fungi

prokaryotic and eukaryotic

What are eukaryotic cells?

Cells with a nucleus like plant and animal cells.

What are prokaryotic cells?

Cells without a nucleus like bacteria.

Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic - Cells without a nucleus like bacteria. They are smaller, simpler and unicellular.

Eukaryotic - Cells with a nucleus like animals. They are larger, more complex and multicellular.

Are prokaryotes smaller or bigger than eukaryotes?

Smaller.

Are eukaryotes more complex or simpler than prokaryotes?

More complex.

Are animal cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Eukaryotic.

Are plant cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Eukaryotic

Are animal cells uni or multicellular?

Multicellular.

Are plant cells uni or multicellular?

Multicellular.

Name one subcellular structure where genes are found within the eukaryotic cells.

Nucleus.

organelles in plants

List the 8 organelles found in a plant cell.

• Cell Membrane.

• Cytoplasm.

• Nucleus.

• Mitochondria.

• Ribosomes.

• Cell wall.

• Chloroplasts.

• Permanent vacuole.

Which 3 organelles does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t?

• Cell wall.

• Chloroplasts.

• Permanent vacuole.

Plant cells have chloroplast, cell membrane, mitochondria and cytoplasm. Which of these subcellular structures does a an animal cell not contain?

Chloroplasts.

What is the function of the cell wall?

provides structure and protection

What does the chloroplast contain?

Chlorophyll.

Name the part of a plant cell that gives the cell support and protection.

Cell wall.

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Site of photosynthesis and contains chlorophyll (green pigment) to absorb light energy for photosynthesis to take place.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Controls what enters and exits the cell.

What is the function of the permanent vacuole?

Cell sap stored here + maintains shape of the cell.

What is the cell wall made out of in plant cells?

Cellulose.

Why do plant roots not require chloroplasts?

They are underground and cannot photosynthesise without sunlight so therefore do not require chloroplasts.

Which structure is labelled Z?

Chloroplasts.

Name the structure labelled V.

Cell wall.

organelles in animal cells

List the 5 organelles found in an animal cell.

• Cell Membrane.

• Nucleus.

• Ribosomes.

• Mitochondria.

• Cytoplasm.

What is the function of the nucleus?

Controls the activities of the cell + stores DNA (genetic information).

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Site of aerobic respiration to release energy to the cell.

What is the function of the ribosomes?

Site of protein synthesis.

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Jelly like substance where chemical reactions take place + holds other organelles in place.

Name the subcellular structure involved in the translation of genetic material in protein synthesis.

Ribosome.

Name the subcellular structure that controls which substances leave the cell.

Cell membrane.

plants vs animals

plant vs animal organelles

• they both have a nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes,cell membrane and cytoplasm

• plant cells have chloroplasts, a cell wall and a permanent sap vacuole, animal cells don’t

• animals can’t do photosynthesis because they don’t have chloroplasts

What is the difference between a cell membrane and cell wall?

Cell membrane - Controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cell wall - Made out of cellulose to support and strengthen the cell.