Russian Revolution:

The 3 Interrelated Concepts for Lenin

A framework used to understand Lenin's strategies and ideologies.

Bolsheviks

A faction of the Russian socialist movement that seized power in the October Revolution of 1917.

Red Army

The military organization of the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War.

White Army

The loose confederation of anti-Bolshevik forces during the Russian Civil War.

Reasons why Bolsheviks came to Power

Factors that contributed to the Bolsheviks' successful seizure of power in 1917.

Reasons why Red Armies beat White Armies

Factors contributing to the Red Army's victory over the White Army in the Russian Civil War.

Peace Settlement

Agreements made to end hostilities and create peace during or after conflicts.

Reasons for the Fail of Peace

Factors that led to unsuccessful peace agreements or negotiations.

October Revolution

The 1917 revolution in Russia that led to the establishment of a Bolshevik government.

Class Struggle

The conflict between different classes within a society, viewed as the driving force of social change.

Proletariat

The working-class people, particularly in relation to their opposition to the bourgeoisie.

Bourgeoisie

The capitalist class who own most of society's wealth and means of production.

Redistribution of Land

The reallocation of land from the wealthy to the peasantry, a core Bolshevik policy.

Cheka

The first secret police organization in Soviet Russia, used to combat opposition.

War Communism

The economic policy adopted by the Bolsheviks during the Civil War, aimed at controlling resources.

New Economic Policy (NEP)

A temporary economic policy introduced by Lenin in 1921 to recover the economy after War Communism.

Soviets

Councils of workers and soldiers that played a significant role in the Russian Revolution.

Diktat

A dictation; often used to describe an imposed settlement or treaty.

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The peace treaty signed in 1918 between the Bolshevik government and the Central Powers.

Civil War

A conflict between organized groups within the same state or country.

Red Terror

A campaign of political repression and mass killings carried out by the Bolshevik government.

Socialism

An economic and political system where the means of production are owned and regulated by the community.

Dictatorship of the Proletariat

A state in which the working-class has control of political power, as proposed by Marx and Lenin.

Collectivization

The policy of consolidating individual land and labor into collective farms.

Ideology

A system of ideas and ideals that form the basis of political theory.

Militarism

The belief that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively.

Fascism

A far-right authoritarian ultranationalist political ideology and movement.

Empiricism

The theory that all knowledge is based on experiences derived from the senses.

Dialectical Materialism

A philosophical approach to reality based on the idea that contradiction in social and material life leads to development.

Counter-revolution

An effort to overthrow a government or system that has emerged from a revolution.

Totalitarianism

A political system that prohibits opposition parties and restricts individual freedoms.

Provisional Government

The temporary government established in Russia after the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II.

State Capitalism

An economic system based on the principles of capitalism with significant state intervention.

Revolutionary Vanguard

A group of people leading or paving the way for a revolution.

Peasantry

The class of rural, agricultural laborers, particularly in contrast to urban workers.

Kommissars

Government officials, particularly in Soviet Russia, tasked with ensuring loyalty to Bolshvik ideology.

Internationalism

The principle of cooperation among nations, often restoring peace treaties.

Alienation

The feeling of being disconnected from one's job, products, or even self in a capitalistic system.

Abrogation

The act of repealing or abolishing a law, or an established system.

Hegemony

Leadership or dominance, particularly of one state or social group over others.

Crisis of Capitalism

A period during which capitalistic economies experience problems such as inflation or recession.

Manifesto

A public declaration of policy and aims, particularly in politics.

Political repression

The act of restricting or suppressing political activities and freedoms.

Labor Movement

A collective organization of working people aimed at improving labor conditions.

Revolutionary Consciousness

Awareness and engagement of individuals regarding societal change through revolution.