Unit, formulas, and numerics

Give the conversion of an atomic mass unit to kilograms

1 u = 1.660540e^-27 kg

Give the conversion of a mole to atoms

1 mol = 6.02214076e^23 atoms

For a proton:

1) Charge: _____

2) Mass (amu): ____

+1, 1.007 u

For a neutron:

1) Charge: _____

2) Mass (amu): ____

0, 1.009 u

For an electron:

1) Charge: _____

2) Mass (amu): ____

-1, 5.486e^-4 u

List the first three shells in order of proximity to the nucleus/increasing energy:

1n, 2n, 3n

Give the electron capacity of:

1) 1n shell: _____

2) 2n shell: _____

3) 3n shell: _____

2 electrons, 8 electrons, 18 electrons

Each electron orbital can hold up to _____ electrons

2

List the quantity and type of orbitals in shell 1n:

Single 1s orbital

List the quantity and type of orbitals in shell 2n:

1 s orbital, 3 p orbitals

List the quantity and type of orbitals in shell 3n:

1 s orbital, 3 p orbitals, 1 d orbital

Give the number of orbitals per subshell type:

1) S subshell: _____ _____

2) P subshell: ____ _____

3) D subshell: _____ _____

4) F subshell: ____ _____

One orbital, three orbitals, five orbitals, seven orbitals

Each orbital in a p subshell is _____ _____ apart from the other

90 degrees

D subshells can hold up to ____ electrons

10

List the filling order of electrons up until the 5s orbital:

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s

Formula for Coulomb’s law, where:

• F = electrostatic force between two charged particles

• q1 = charge of first particle

• q2 = charge of second particle

• r = distance between particles

F = (q1*q2)/(r²)

Formula for effective charge, where:

• Zeff = effective nuclear charge

• Z = atomic number

• S = number of inner shell electrons

Zeff = Z - S

Planck’s constant

h = 6.626e^-34 J*s

Equation for the energy of a photon, using:

• E = energy of photon

• H = planck’s constant

• V = frequency of photon

E = hv

Equation for binding energy of ejected electron in a Photoelectron spectrometer, where:

• BE = binding energy of ejected electron

• E = energy of incident radiation

• KE = kinetic energy of photoelectrons

BE = E - KE

Coulomb’s Law, where:

• F = electrostatic force of attraction between two charged particles

• q1 = charge of the first particle

• q2 = charge of the second particle

• r = distance between the centers of both particles

• k = Coulomb’s constant

F = k[(q1)(q2)] / (r²)

Formula for formal charge , where:

• FC = formal charge of an atom

• V = valence electrons of free atom

• L = number of lone pair electrons on atom in the molecule

• B = number of bonding(shared) electrons around the atom in the molecule

FC= V- (L + 0.5B)