Quiz #4: Creating Depth in 2-D Pictures / Image Control: Exposure, focus, Depth-of-Field, Color Temperature / White balance

Video Images are 2-dimesionsal

They exist in Width (X-axis_ and hieght (Y-Axis) only

depth (z-axis) is not a fact, but a perceptual fact

We recognize depth in 2-D images based on understanding of fepth in the real world

Depth Cues in the Chapter:

Define Overlap

One object covering part of another reads as depth

Depth Cues in the Chapter:

Define Size difference

objects of known size appearing larger than or smaller to other objects of known size can be read as depth

• an object of known size gets smaller the further away it is from the camera

• Using this depth cue is called staging in-depth

Depth Cues in the Chapter:

Define Converging lines and vanishing Points

Parallel Lines in the frame that seem to meet in the distance read as depth

• Parallel lines seem to meet in the center distance when the ‘gaze’ is parallel

Frame within a Frame

Make images more interesting by using elements of setting to create full or partial frame(s) within the frame

Split Screen Effect

Created in post-production, can divide the frame, however an object in the frame can make the split, too.

Windows can also become a division of thirds or a division of fourths

Horizon lien can be a surface division

The Purpose of Surface Divisions

Create an emotional division between person 1 and person 2 and its meaning when the surface divider is removed.

Surface divisions can comment on a story situation story

A division acts like what?

It acts like a visual fence, confining the actor to a smaller area of the frame.

Backgrounds

Problem: structures that grow out of people’s heads

Solution: Move the subject, camera, or both.

Removing a distracting background element by moving closer to the subject, drop the camera lower, and shoot up.

The size of the Camera’s Iris, measured in F-Stops, dictates how much light is coming in through the lens hitting the CCD recording sensor. Exposure (Light/Shadow), Controlled By the F-stop setting, adjusts overall brightness to adequately Illuminate objects in the Frame

f/1.8, f/2.8, f/4.0 (f/1.8-4 indoors), f/5.6 - f/8.0 (shade), f/11 (for overcast), f/16 (for bright sun), f/22

Exposure & F-stop

The larger the iris diameter, the more light enters the lens. Larger diameter, smaller number. Small diameter, larger number

Define Focus.

makes the shot either sharp or fuzzy

Name the four steps of Focusing the Camera Manually:

1. Zoom ALL the way into the eyes

2. Adjust the focus ring (or use the touch screen)

3. Reframe the shot (or push “focus magnify_

4. Use peaking to outline sharp focuses objects in the frame

What does Deep Focus do?

Deep focus makes everything from near to far in crisp focus

How do you achieve Deep Focus?

1. Achievable in bright conditions w/ a small f-stop

2. Use a wide - Angle lens

3. Render a deep focus plane

What is Shallow Focus?

Subjects are staged in-depth on different focal planes

What is Depth-of-Field?

is the distance of the nearest & furthest objects in a scene appear acceptably sharp in an image.

Define White Balance.

• light has different ‘color temps’ based on a source

• color temp is measured in Kelvin (K)

Direct natural light balanced BLUE: measures 5600K

Artificial incandescent light-balanced orange: measures 3200K

Fluorescent light is balanced GREEN