Biology 123 - Final Exam Study Guide PDF

Flashcards covering key concepts related to biology, anatomy, ecology, and study methods for the final exam.

What are the primary producers in the environment?

Plants are considered one of the primary producers.

Define angiosperms.

Angiosperms are flowering plants.

What is a fruit?

A fruit is a fertilized plant ovary and anything that develops from a flower and contains seeds.

What distinguishes vertebrates from invertebrates?

Vertebrates have a backbone, whereas invertebrates do not.

What is an exoskeleton?

An exoskeleton is a support system on the outside of the body, unlike an endoskeleton.

What is the central nervous system?

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.

What influences reaction time?

Reaction time is influenced by intoxication, age, and athleticism.

What is sensory adaptation?

Sensory adaptation is the process where constant exposure to a stimulus leads to a decreased response.

What is ecology?

Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment.

What are abiotic factors?

Abiotic factors are the non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms.

What is a species?

A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Define mutualism.

Mutualism is a type of symbiotic relationship where both parties benefit.

What are herbivores?

Herbivores are animals that primarily eat plants.

What are predators?

Predators are animals that hunt and eat other animals.

What is the difference between richness and diversity in ecology?

Richness refers to the number of different species in an area, while diversity reflects both the number and the relative abundance of those species.