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Spearman’s Two-Factor Theory
derived from factor analysis, distinguishes between a general intelligence factor (g) and numerous specific factors (s), states that performance on any cognitive task depends on general intellectual ability plus one or more specific factors that are required to accomplish the task.
Horn and Cattell’s Crystallized and Fluid Intelligence
Describes intelligence as consisting of two major factors that are distinct but not entirely independent. Crystalized intelligence and fluid intelligence.
What is crystallized intelligence in Horn and Cattell’s theory of intelligence?
(Gc), depends on prior learning and experience and is important for tests that require the application of acquired knowledge and skills.
What is fluid intelligence in Horn and Cattell’s theory of intelligence?
(gf), represents the basic capacity to learn and does not depend on prior learning or experience. important for tasks that involve forming concepts, solving unfamiliar problems, drawing inferences, perceiving relationships.
The peak of fluid intelligence in Horn and Cattell’s Crystallized and Fluid Intelligence
peaks between 30 and 40 years of age and peaks before crystallized intelligence does
The peak of crystalized intelligence in Horn and Cattell’s Crystallized and Fluid Intelligence
Peaks around 60-70 years of age
Carroll’s Three-Stratum Theory
distinguishes between three strata levels of intelligence, stratum iii os general intelligence (g), stratum ii consists of eight broad abilities, stratum i consists of numerous specific abilities that are each linked to one of the stratum ii abilities.
Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory of Cognitive Abilities
combines elements of the Horn-cattell and carrol theories, 16 broad cognitive abilities, over 80 narrow cognitive abilities, used in the development of the stanford-binet intelligence
The primary subtests of fluid reasoning index assess what kind of intelligence?
fluid intelligence (gf)
the primary subtests of the Visual Spatial Index assess what kind of domain?
visual processing (Gv)
the primary subtests of the Working Memory Index assess which domain?
short-term memory (Gsm)
the primary subtests of the Processing Speed Index assess which domain?
processing speed (Gs)
Das, Naglieri, and Kirby’s PASS Theory of Intelligence
research on the cognitive functions of different brain structures, based on the assumption that intelligence is composed of four interdependent functions that interact with a person’s knowledge: planning, attention, simultaneous processing, and sequential processing.
Gardner’s Theory of multiple intelligences
Based on the assumption that all people possess at least 9 intelligences that are mediated by different areas of the brain, these vary from person in terms of strength.
The 9 intelligences from Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences
linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and existential.
Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Successful Intelligence
proposes that intelligence is compromised of three interacting components that allow people to achieve personally meaningful life goals. Involves analytical intelligence and creative intelligence.
What is creative intelligence in Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory?
the ability to apply knowledge and information-processing skills to everyday tasks and situations
What is analytical intelligence in Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory?
knowledge acquisition and information processing skills to novel problems and unfamiliar situations
Flynn Effect
research found that IQ scores increased by about three points per decade throughout the 20th century
Which measure had the strongest increase due to the flynn effect?
Fluid intelligence
