WWII Bullet 4

Munson Report

A 1941 report stating that Japanese Americans posed no threat, claiming 'there is no Japanese problem on the west coast'.

Executive Order #9066

A February 1942 order declaring the west coast a military zone, allowing the removal of anyone deemed a threat.

War Relocation Authority

A U.S. government agency responsible for the deportations of Japanese Americans to assembly centers starting in May 1942.

Internment Camps

Facilities where Japanese Americans were forcibly relocated during World War II, including Manzanar and Heart Mountain.

Fred Korematsu vs US

A 1944 Supreme Court case where Fred Korematsu argued the internment of Japanese Americans was unconstitutional.

Compensation for Japanese Americans

In 1988, the U.S. government compensated Japanese Americans for internment with $20,000 each.

Japanese Canadians Internment

In January 1942, an order was issued affecting 23,000 Japanese Canadians, resulting in internment and family separations.

Conditions in Japanese Canadian Camps

Much worse than U.S. camps, with freezing conditions, lack of education, and no government support for basic needs.

Compensation for Japanese Canadians

Japanese Canadians were compensated $21,000 in 1988 for their internment experience.

Japanese Latin Americans

Individuals deported from Latin America (like Peru) and interned in the U.S. during WWII, mostly Japanese born.

INS camps for Japanese Latin Americans

Internment camps run by the Immigration and Naturalization Service for Japanese Latin Americans.

Total internees of Japanese Latin Americans

Approximately 3,000 Japanese Latin Americans were interned during WWII, with 70% being Japanese born.

Conditions in WRA camps

Better than those in Latin America camps, but involved deprivation and limited amenities.

Separation of Families in Camps

In Japanese Canadian internment, families were often split, with men in one camp and women and children in others.

Backlash after Pearl Harbor

After the attack, there was significant violence against Japanese Americans, including assaults and vandalism.

Dispossession of Property

Japanese Americans had their properties seized and belongings disposed of during internment.

Community Support in Camps

Japanese Americans organized volunteer labor to demonstrate loyalty, such as making camouflage nets.

Japanese American Education in Camps

Teachers from school districts were sent to internment camps to educate Japanese American children.