GLOBAL POPULATION AND MOBILITY

Demography

Scientific study of population, including size, composition, and changes over time.

Population Pyramid

Graph showing age and sex distribution within a specific population.

Population Size

Total number of people residing in a specific area.

Growth Rate

The change in population over time, influenced by births, deaths, immigration, and emigration.

Birth Rate

Number of live births per 1,000 people per year.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Average number of children a woman is expected to have over her lifetime.

Death Rate

Number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.

Replacement Fertility Rate

The fertility level needed to maintain a population size, approximately 2.1.

Population Trends

Patterns of change in population size, structure, and distribution.

Population Explosion

Rapid population growth that has occurred since the 19th century.

Push Factors

Factors that drive people to leave their country, such as war, famine, and persecution.

Pull Factors

Factors that attract migrants to a new location, such as job opportunities and safety.

Temporary Labor Migrants

Individuals who work abroad for a limited time.

Irregular Migrants

People who have no proper documents or have overstayed their visas.

Voluntary Migrants

Individuals who move by choice, often for better opportunities.

Forced Migrants

People who are compelled to leave due to danger, such as war.

Refugees

Individuals who flee their home country due to war or natural disasters.

Asylum Seekers

People seeking protection in another country from persecution.

Non-Refoulement

Principle stating that countries cannot return a person to danger, such as persecution or torture.

Brain Drain

Loss of skilled workers from their home country.

Brain Gain

Benefits received by a country when skilled migrants arrive.