APUSH Progressive Politics & the Progressives

trust

a combination of firms or corporations formed by a legal agreement, especially to reduce competition

Trust Buster

a person working to destroy monopolies and trusts

Meat Inspection Act (1906)

Decreed that preparation of meat shipped over state lines would be subject to federal inspection.

Hepburn Act (1906)

This Act tightened existing railroad regulation. Empowered the Interstate Commerce Commission to set maximum railroad rates and to examine railroad's financial records.

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

a federal agency charged with enforcing regulations against selling and distributing adulterated, misbranded, or hazardous food and drug products

New Nationalism

Roosevelt's domestic platform during the 1912 election accepting the power of trusts and proposing a more powerful government to regulate them

16th Amendment

Allows the federal government to collect income tax

Federal Reserve Act

a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply

Federal Trade Commission

a federal agency established in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices

Muckrakers

Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public

suffragist

person who worked for women's right to vote

Temperance Movement

A social movement against the consumption of alcoholic beverages.

goo-goos

"Good government", people who want to reform the ills of society

civil rights

the rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality.

Laissez-faire

Idea that government should play as small a role as possible in economic affairs.

Jacob Riis

A Danish immigrant, he became a reporter who pointed out the terrible conditions of the tenement houses of the big cities where immigrants lived during the late 1800s. He wrote "How The Other Half Lives" in 1890.

George Waring

Head of NYC Sanitation who along with his White Ducks helped clean up New York City streets.

Social Gospel

A movement in the late 1800s / early 1900s which emphasized charity and social responsibility as a means of salvation. Led by Washington Gladden and Walter Rauschenbusch

Jane Addams

1860-1935. Founder of Settlement House Movement. First American Woman to earn Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.

Middle-Class Progressives

college educated/business school men & women; wanted to apply rational they learned professionally to society to solve its problems

National Child Labor Committee

a progressive organization formed in 1904 to promote laws restricting or banning child labor

Keating-Owen Act

Law enacted to protect against child labor by prohibiting the interstate shipping of goods in which someone under 14 worked to make

Florence Kelley

An advocate for improving the lives of women and children. (Social Welfare). She was appointed chief inspector of factories in Illinois. She helped win passage of the Illinois factory act in 1893 which prohibited child labor and limited women's working hours. National Consumer League

Frances Willard

-Leader of Unions to get rid of alcohol; Temperance Movement; Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)

Carrie Nation

created sensation by raiding saloons and smashing barrels of beer with a hatchet; WCTU

Margaret Sanger

American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League

Ida B. Wells

African American journalist. published statistics about lynching. Founded the National Association of Colored Women

Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

leading figures in the women's rights movement for the creation of a Constitutional Amendment guaranteeing the right to vote for women

Alice Paul

A suffragette who believed that giving women the right to vote would eliminate the corruption in politics.

Booker T. Washington

proponent of gradual gain of equal rights for African-Americans; Famous for his speech at the Atlanta Exposition and the creation of the Tuskegee Institute

W.E.B. DuBois

First African-American to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged black Americans to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910; writer of Souls of Black Folk

Jim Crow Laws

Laws established to enforce racial segregation.

Plessy v. Ferguson

a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal; "separate but equal"