chem quiz

atoms

only noble gas elements exist this way in nature

ionic bonds

transfer of electrons

metallic bonds

sea of electrons within a metal

covalent bonds

share electrons

characteristics of covalent bonds

formed by two non-metals, generally low melting/boiling point, can be solid liquid gas,

compounds for covalent bonds are called....

molecules

what is the chemical formula called

molecular formula

lewis structure

model to show how atoms are arranged and bonded

diatomic molecules

special kind of molecular compound in which two of the same atom are joined by a covalent bond

molecular formula

the chemical formula of a molecular compound

octet rule for covalent bonding

electron sharing tends to occur so that atoms, with shared electrons included, attain a full outer shell

exceptions to the octet rule

hydrogen and helium want 2 electrons, beryllium is okay with 4, and boron is ok with 6

shared pair of electrons

bonding pair between two atoms, represented by a line

inshared pair of electrons

pair of valence electrons not shared, represented by two dots

single covalent bond

two atoms held together by the sharing of one pair of electrons

doube covalent bond

two atoms share two pairs of electrons

triple covalent bond

two atoms share 3 pairs of electrons

bond dissociation energy

total energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms

shorter the bond length _______ the bond

stronger

large energy=

strong bond

carbon can bond to other carbon atoms to form

long chains, branched chains, and ring structure

polyatomic ions

tightly bound group of atoms that have a positive or negative charge and behave as a unit

resonance structure

when it is possible to have 2 or more valid electron dot structures

excpetions to the octet rule

some atoms will eccept more than 8 outer electrons, phosphorus excepts 10 and sulfur excepts 12