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Chemistry
10th
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24 Terms
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1
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atoms
only noble gas elements exist this way in nature
2
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ionic bonds
transfer of electrons
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metallic bonds
sea of electrons within a metal
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covalent bonds
share electrons
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characteristics of covalent bonds
formed by two non-metals, generally low melting/boiling point, can be solid liquid gas,
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compounds for covalent bonds are called....
molecules
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what is the chemical formula called
molecular formula
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lewis structure
model to show how atoms are arranged and bonded
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diatomic molecules
special kind of molecular compound in which two of the same atom are joined by a covalent bond
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molecular formula
the chemical formula of a molecular compound
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octet rule for covalent bonding
electron sharing tends to occur so that atoms, with shared electrons included, attain a full outer shell
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exceptions to the octet rule
hydrogen and helium want 2 electrons, beryllium is okay with 4, and boron is ok with 6
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shared pair of electrons
bonding pair between two atoms, represented by a line
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inshared pair of electrons
pair of valence electrons not shared, represented by two dots
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single covalent bond
two atoms held together by the sharing of one pair of electrons
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doube covalent bond
two atoms share two pairs of electrons
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triple covalent bond
two atoms share 3 pairs of electrons
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bond dissociation energy
total energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms
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shorter the bond length _______ the bond
stronger
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large energy=
strong bond
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carbon can bond to other carbon atoms to form
long chains, branched chains, and ring structure
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polyatomic ions
tightly bound group of atoms that have a positive or negative charge and behave as a unit
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resonance structure
when it is possible to have 2 or more valid electron dot structures
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excpetions to the octet rule
some atoms will eccept more than 8 outer electrons, phosphorus excepts 10 and sulfur excepts 12
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