Biology Quiz 2

cell-

room; chamber

-cene

new; recent

centi-

hundredth

centr-

center

cephal-

head

cervic-

neck

chem-

referring to chemistry

chlor-

green

chrom-o-

color

chym-

juice

-cide

killing

circum-

around; about

cirr-o-

hairlike curls

co-

with; together

cocc-

seed

coel-

hollow

coll-

glue

com-

with; together

con-

with; together

coni-

cone

contra-

against

corp-

body

cosm-o-

world; universe

cost-

rib

cotyl-

cup

counter-

against

drypt-

hidden; covered

-cule; -culus

added to nouns to form diminutive

cumul-

heaped

cuti-

skin

cyan-

dark blue

-cycle; cyci-

ring; circle

cyst-

bladder; pouch

cyt-; -cyte

cell; receptacle

dactyl-

finger

deca-

ten

deci-

tenth

deliques-

to become fluid

demi-

half

dendr-

tree

dent-

tooth

derm-

skin

di-

two; double

dia-

through; across

digit-

finger; toe

din-o-

terrible

dis-

apart; out

dorm-

sleep

du-; duo-

two

-duct

to lead

dynam-

power

dys-

ill; bad

ec-

out of; outside

echin-

spiny; prickly

eco-

household; home; dwelling

cell

the basic structure of all functional life

centricle

a small central structure; - cule indicates something small

centriole

a small cylindrical structure that helps organize microtubules during cell division

cephalic

relating to the head

chemosynthesis

production of food using energy from chemical reactions

chlorophyll

green pigment that absorbs light for photosynthesis

chromosome

a structure containing DNA and genetic information

chyme

partially digested food mixed with digestive juices in the stomach

circumference

distance around a circle

coccoid

having a spherical or round shape, especially reffering to bacteria

coelom

a fluid-filled body cavity containing internal organs in many animals

collagen

a structural protein providing strength and support to tissues

conjugation

transfer of genetic material between organisms, especially bacteria

conidium

an asexual reproductive spore produced by certain fungi

contralateral

located or relating to the opposite side of the body

corpus

the main body or central portion of a structure

costal

relating to the ribs

cotyledon

a seed leaf in a plant

countercurrent

describes fluids moving in opposite directions to improve exchange

cuticle

a protective outer later covering an organism or structure

cyanobacteria

photosynthetic bacteria that often have blue-green pigments

cystic

relating to a cyst or sac- like structure

cytocyte

a cell; combines roots referring to a cell

dactylic

relating to a finger or finger-like structure

decapod

an animal with ten appendages, such as crab or lobster

deciliter

a unit equal to one-tenth of a liter

dendrite

a branched extension of a neuron that receives signals

dentition

: the arrangement and characteristics of an organism’s teeth

dermis

the inner layer of the skin beneath the epidermis

diploid

having two complete sets of chromosomes

diapedesis

movement of blood cells through blood vessel walls

digital

relating to a finger, toe or other digit

dinosaur

a group of reptiles whose name means “terrible lizard”

dissection

cutting apart an organism to study its structures

dormancy

a period of reduced growth and activity

duodenum

the first section of the small intestine

duct

a tube or passage that carries substances

dynamics

the study of forces and movement

dysplasia

abnormal development or growth of cells or tissues

ectotherm

an animal whose body temperature is largely determined by its environment

echinoderm

an animal with spiny skin, such as a sea star or a sea urchin

ecosystem

organisms interacting with each other and with their physical environment