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Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts from lecture notes on safety, infection control, nutrition, and related topics.
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Bed Rail
A device that serves as a guard or barrier along the side of the bed.
Gait Belt
Another term for 'transfer belt'.
Position Change Alarm
A device that monitors a person's movements and alerts staff when the person tries to get up.
Transfer Belt
A device used to support a person who is unsteady or disabled.
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
CMS
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.
Coma
A prolonged state of unconsciousness.
Dementia
The loss of cognitive and social function caused by changes in the brain.
Disaster
A harmful event that can affect the agency, patient or resident population, community, or larger geographic area.
Elopement
When a patient or resident leaves the agency without staff knowledge.
Hazard
Anything in the person's setting that could cause injury or illness.
Hazardous Chemical
Any chemical that is a physical hazard or a health hazard.
Incident
Any event that has harmed or could harm a patient, resident, visitor, or staff member.
Paralysis
Loss of muscle function, loss of movement, or paralysis.
Poison
Any substance harmful to the body when ingested, inhaled, injected, or absorbed through the skin.
Suffocation
When breathing stops due to lack of oxygen; also called asphyxia.
Unconscious
Being unaware of one's surroundings and unable to react or respond to people, places, or things.
Workplace Violence
Violence or the threat of violence (e.g., assault) directed toward persons at work or on duty.
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
AED
Automated external defibrillator.
PPE
Personal protective equipment.
RACE
Rescue, alarm, confine, extinguish.
RRS
Rapid Response System.
FBAO
Foreign-body airway obstruction.
Chemical Restraint
Any drug used for discipline or convenience and not required to treat medical symptoms.
Enabler
A device that limits freedom of movement but is used to promote independence, comfort, or safety.
Physical Restraint
Any manual method or physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment that is attached to or near a person's body and that he or she cannot easily remove; restricts freedom of movement or normal access to one's body.
ROM
Range of motion.
Antibiotic
A drug that kills bacteria.
Asepsis
The absence (a) of disease-producing microbes; sepsis means infection.
Biohazardous Waste
Items contaminated with blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM); regulated medical waste; infectious waste.
Bloodborne Pathogens
Microbes that are present in blood and can cause infection.
Carrier
A human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not develop the infection.
Communicable Disease
A disease caused by a pathogen that can spread to others; contagious disease.
Contamination
The process of becoming unclean.
Cross-Contamination
Passing microbes from one person to another by contaminated hands, equipment, or supplies.
Disinfection
The process of killing pathogens.
Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI)
An infection that develops in a person cared for in any setting where health care is given; the infection is related to receiving health care.
Infection
A disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of microbes in the body.
Infection Control
Practices and procedures that prevent the spread of infection.
Medical Asepsis
Practices used to reduce the number of microbes and prevent their spread from 1 erson or place to another person or place.
Microorganism
A small living thing (organism) seen only with a microscope; also called a microbe.
Non-Pathogen
A microbe that does not usually cause an infection.
Normal Flora
Microbes that usually live in or on the body and do not cause harm.
Pathogen
A microbe that can cause harm and infection.
Sterile
The absence of all microbes; sterile means free of all microbes.
Sterilization
The process of destroying all microbes.
Surgical Asepsis
Practices used to prevent exposure to pathogens; sterile technique.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Equipment worn by staff for personal protection against contact with infectious materials.
TB
Tuberculosis
Calorie
The fuel or energy value of food.
Cholesterol
A soft, waxy substance found in the bloodstream and all body cells.
Dysphagia
Difficulty (dys) swallowing (phagia).
Nutrient
A substance that is ingested, digested, absorbed, and used by the body.
Nutrition
The processes involved in the body's ingestion, digestion, absorption, and use of food and fluids.
USDA
U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Anorexia
The loss of appetite.
Aspiration
Breathing fluid, food, vomitus, or an object into the lungs.
Enteral Nutrition
Giving nutrients into the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract through a feeding tube.
Gavage
The process of giving a tube feeding.
Regurgitation
The backward flow of stomach contents into the mouth; also called vomiting.
NPO
Nothing by mouth.
Lymph
A watery fluid.
Vulva
The external female genitalia.