Review of Key Terms and Concepts

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Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts from lecture notes on safety, infection control, nutrition, and related topics.

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64 Terms

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Bed Rail

A device that serves as a guard or barrier along the side of the bed.

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Gait Belt

Another term for 'transfer belt'.

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Position Change Alarm

A device that monitors a person's movements and alerts staff when the person tries to get up.

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Transfer Belt

A device used to support a person who is unsteady or disabled.

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CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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CMS

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

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Coma

A prolonged state of unconsciousness.

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Dementia

The loss of cognitive and social function caused by changes in the brain.

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Disaster

A harmful event that can affect the agency, patient or resident population, community, or larger geographic area.

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Elopement

When a patient or resident leaves the agency without staff knowledge.

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Hazard

Anything in the person's setting that could cause injury or illness.

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Hazardous Chemical

Any chemical that is a physical hazard or a health hazard.

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Incident

Any event that has harmed or could harm a patient, resident, visitor, or staff member.

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Paralysis

Loss of muscle function, loss of movement, or paralysis.

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Poison

Any substance harmful to the body when ingested, inhaled, injected, or absorbed through the skin.

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Suffocation

When breathing stops due to lack of oxygen; also called asphyxia.

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Unconscious

Being unaware of one's surroundings and unable to react or respond to people, places, or things.

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Workplace Violence

Violence or the threat of violence (e.g., assault) directed toward persons at work or on duty.

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OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

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AED

Automated external defibrillator.

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PPE

Personal protective equipment.

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RACE

Rescue, alarm, confine, extinguish.

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RRS

Rapid Response System.

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FBAO

Foreign-body airway obstruction.

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Chemical Restraint

Any drug used for discipline or convenience and not required to treat medical symptoms.

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Enabler

A device that limits freedom of movement but is used to promote independence, comfort, or safety.

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Physical Restraint

Any manual method or physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment that is attached to or near a person's body and that he or she cannot easily remove; restricts freedom of movement or normal access to one's body.

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ROM

Range of motion.

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Antibiotic

A drug that kills bacteria.

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Asepsis

The absence (a) of disease-producing microbes; sepsis means infection.

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Biohazardous Waste

Items contaminated with blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM); regulated medical waste; infectious waste.

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Bloodborne Pathogens

Microbes that are present in blood and can cause infection.

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Carrier

A human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not develop the infection.

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Communicable Disease

A disease caused by a pathogen that can spread to others; contagious disease.

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Contamination

The process of becoming unclean.

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Cross-Contamination

Passing microbes from one person to another by contaminated hands, equipment, or supplies.

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Disinfection

The process of killing pathogens.

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Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI)

An infection that develops in a person cared for in any setting where health care is given; the infection is related to receiving health care.

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Infection

A disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of microbes in the body.

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Infection Control

Practices and procedures that prevent the spread of infection.

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Medical Asepsis

Practices used to reduce the number of microbes and prevent their spread from 1 erson or place to another person or place.

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Microorganism

A small living thing (organism) seen only with a microscope; also called a microbe.

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Non-Pathogen

A microbe that does not usually cause an infection.

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Normal Flora

Microbes that usually live in or on the body and do not cause harm.

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Pathogen

A microbe that can cause harm and infection.

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Sterile

The absence of all microbes; sterile means free of all microbes.

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Sterilization

The process of destroying all microbes.

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Surgical Asepsis

Practices used to prevent exposure to pathogens; sterile technique.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Equipment worn by staff for personal protection against contact with infectious materials.

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TB

Tuberculosis

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Calorie

The fuel or energy value of food.

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Cholesterol

A soft, waxy substance found in the bloodstream and all body cells.

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Dysphagia

Difficulty (dys) swallowing (phagia).

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Nutrient

A substance that is ingested, digested, absorbed, and used by the body.

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Nutrition

The processes involved in the body's ingestion, digestion, absorption, and use of food and fluids.

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USDA

U.S. Department of Agriculture.

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Anorexia

The loss of appetite.

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Aspiration

Breathing fluid, food, vomitus, or an object into the lungs.

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Enteral Nutrition

Giving nutrients into the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract through a feeding tube.

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Gavage

The process of giving a tube feeding.

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Regurgitation

The backward flow of stomach contents into the mouth; also called vomiting.

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NPO

Nothing by mouth.

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Lymph

A watery fluid.

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Vulva

The external female genitalia.