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A. Philip Randolph
this person led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters; enlisted the union in battles for civil rights for African Americans
Alain Locke
one of the leaders of the Harlem Renaissance who assembled a collection of black writings published in 1925 as "The New Negro"
Al Smith
Democratic candidate of the 1928 election who lost because he couldn't unite the Democratic party
"American Plan"
the crusade for the open shop, which is a shop where no worker was required to join a union, in order to lessen the power unions
automobile
this technological innovation expanded the geographic horizons of many people and allowed for suburb living and a better quality of life
Associationalism
a concept championed by President Hoover that envisioned the creation of national organizations of businessmen in particular industries in order to promote efficiency in production and marketing
Billy Sunday
American fundamentalist minister; he used colorful language and powerful sermons to drive home the message of salvation through Jesus and to oppose radical and progressive groups.
Calvin Collidge (1923-1929)
a. Immigration Act of 1924
b. Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)
c. American Indian Citizenship Act (1924)
consumer culture
a society in which people buys goods on the market; the buying of these goods created an identity
Duke Ellington
a jazz musician; actor in the "Black and Tan" movie
F. Scott Fitzgerald
a novelist and chronicler of the jazz age. his wife, zelda and he were the "couple" of the decade but hit bottom during the depression. his noval THE GREAT GATSBY is considered a masterpiece about a gangster's pursuit of an unattainable rich girl.
H. L. Mencken
a Baltimore journalist who ridiculed many middle-class values such as religion, politics, arts, and even democracy
Harlem Renaissance
a new generation of black artists and intellectuals created a flourishing African American culture widely described as this
Henry Ford
1863-1947. American businessman, founder of Ford Motor Company, father of modern assembly lines, and inventor credited with 161 patents.
Herbert Hoover
Republican candidate of the 1928 election who won; personified the modern, prosperous, middle-class society of the New Era
Issei
Japanese immigrants (1st generation)
Nisei
the American-born children of Japanese immigrants (2nd generation)
Flappers
women who challenged societal and gender norms and were known for their energy and expression
Fundamentalism
an evangelical movement that spread the traditional Christian doctrine to new groups; lost its power after the Scopes Monkey Trial
Jelly Roll Morton
African American pianist, composer, arranger, and band leader from New Orleans; Bridged that gap between the piano styles of ragtime and jazz; Was the first important jazz composer
Ku Klux Klan
a terrorist group that persecuted African Americans, other foreigners, and those considered guilty of irreligion, sexual promiscuity, or drunkenness
Langston Hughes
a poet who captured much of the spirit of the Harlem Renaissance; "I am a Negroāand beautiful"
Lost Generation
the generation of people who endured through World War I, which led to to become disenchanted and isolated themselves from society to find personal fulfillment
Margaret Sanger
the pioneer of the American birth-control movement
National Origins Act
this act strengthened the exclusionist provision of the 1921 law establishing a quota system for annual immigration from any country; immigration from east Asia was banned, the quota for European immigrants was reduced from 3% to 2% and northwestern Europeans of "Nordic" or "Teutonic" descent were favored
Parity
a formula for setting a price for farm goods to ensure that farmers would earn back their production costs no matter how the agricultural market might fluctuate; passed by Congress but vetoed by Coolidge
Prohibition
a movement that banned the sale and manufacture of alcohol; led to immense controversy in American society
Scopes "Monkey" Trial
a trial after John Scopes taught evolution and was prosecuted; he lost and was fined $100 but it allowed Clarence Darrow to expose the flaws of Fundamentalism
Sinclair Lewis
the first American to win a Nobel Prize in Literature; published a series of novels that lashed out at many aspects of modern society
Teapot Dome
a spectacular scandal that involved oil reserves that associated fraud and corruption with President Harding's cabinet
The Jazz Singer
the first American film with synchronized dialogue
Welfare Capitalism
an approach to labor relations in which companies met some of their workers' needs without the urging of unions
Clarence Darrow
a famous attorney who was sent to defend John Scopes during the Scopes Monkey Trial
John Scopes
a biology teacher who was sued for teaching evolution; ended up paying a $100 fine
Warren G. Harding
president who called for a return to normalcy following WWI