chemistry chapters 3,4&12

octet and duplet rule

happy atoms have 2/8 valency electron depending on how many outer shell electrons the elemetn has

ions (anions and cations)

an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons

anions and cations

atom with a negativecharge(gained electron(s)) or a positive charge (lost electron(s))

elemental particles

neutrons, protons and electrons

electron structure

electrons (neutrons + protons = nucleus) electrons

maximum number of electrons in each shell

)2)8)18)32

atomic number

how many protons

atomic weight

a little bit more than the addition of number of protons and of nuetrons due to electrons

covalent bonding

2 atoms share custody of an electron and one of the atoms spend more time with the electron beacuse its stronger. the stronger parents has the symbol tadpole/upside down a but someone moved paper while doing tail

ionic bonding

one atom wanted antoher electron but the other didn't and the seconded atom had extra so the 2nd atom gave electron to 1st one and they got married.

metalic bonding

atoms neglect electrons so electrons move around a lot

groups

alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, earth metals, tetrels, pnictogens, chalcogens, halogens, noble gases