APUSH Full Review Terms

This set of flashcards covers key terms and concepts from APUSH, focusing on early American history, significant figures, and core principles of governance and society.

Mayflower Compact

The first agreement for self-government in America, signed in 1620 by 41 men on the Mayflower.

William Bradford

A Pilgrim and the second governor of the Plymouth colony who helped the colony survive various challenges.

Pilgrims vs Puritans

Pilgrims were separatists who believed the Church of England could not be reformed, while Puritans were non-separatists wishing to reform it.

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Established in 1629, it was granted by King Charles to the Puritans, featuring political freedom and representative government.

John Winthrop

First governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony, known for opposing total democracy and organizing the New England Confederation.

Calvinism

A Protestant sect founded by John Calvin, emphasizing predestination and support for constitutional representative government.

Roger Williams

Founded Rhode Island in 1635, known for offering complete religious freedom.

Half-way Covenant

Allowed children of church members, who had not achieved grace, to participate in church affairs.

Virginia Company

A joint stock company that established the Virginia colony, originally facing starvation but later succeeded through tobacco.

House of Burgesses

The first legislative body in colonial America, established in Virginia in 1619.

Bacon's Rebellion

A revolt in 1676 against Virginia Governor Berkley led by Nathaniel Bacon, reflecting tensions between settlers and the government.

Georgia Colony

Founded in 1733 as a buffer state and military-style colony, it served as a haven for the poor and persecuted.

Pennsylvania and William Penn

Established by William Penn in 1681 as a haven for Quakers, allowing for religious freedom and liberal land laws.

Navigation Acts

British regulations designed to protect trade and shipping, enforcing that colonies must use British vessels.

Triangular Trade

The transatlantic trade network between New England, Africa, and the Caribbean involving rum, slaves, and sugar.

Salutary Neglect

The British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws on the colonies, allowing for more self-governance.

Great Awakening

A religious revival in the 1730s and 1740s emphasizing personal faith and unity among the colonies.

Mercantilism

The economic policy focusing on exporting more than importing; ensured colonies provided raw materials and markets.

Indentured Servants

Individuals who worked for a fixed term in exchange for passage to the Americas.

Habeas Corpus Act

A law allowing individuals detained by authorities to challenge the legality of their detention.

Bill of Rights (1689)

Presented to King William and Queen Mary, listing rights of the British people and limiting the king's powers.

Colonial agents

Representatives sent to England by the colonies to facilitate communication and advocated for colonial interests.

Town meetings

A form of direct, democratic governance used for local management in New England colonies.