Religion Exam 3

Deuteronomistic History

Joshua, Judges, 1 and 2 Samuel, and 1 and 2 Kings— written during the fall of Israel and Babylonian Exile - to show why Israel fell and Judah was saved and why Israel and Judah were both destroyed

The cycle in Judges

The pattern of disobedience, destruction, repentance, and deliverance

Shofet

Judge of military leader during the tribal confederacy

Herem

Complete destruction of a city ordered by Yahweh

Jerusalem

Capital of Judah during divided monarchy

Bethel

Israel, where Jeroboam set up golden calves for the people to worship

Samuel

The last of the Judges, and the man chosen by God to anoint Saul and David kings for Israel.

Saul

1st king of Israel; Benjaminite; no dynasty because he sacrificed early, and God rejected him as King because he violated herem.

Jonathan

Saul's son and David's loyal friend

David

2nd King of Israel; shepherd from tribe of Judah; adultery w/ Bathsheba and murder Uriah

Solomon

3rd King of Israel; built the temple; Davidic covenant becomes conditional on Kings following the law; marries foreign women and worships other Gods

Samaria

Capital of the northern kingdom of Israel

Elijah

Israel; against King Ahab and Queen Jezebel; confrontation between Yahweh and Baal

Bathsheba

Wife of Uriah; her adultery with David caused David to murder her husband and evoked the denunciation of the prophet Nathan. She becomes the mother of Solomon.

Nathan

The prophet who corrected King David after his afair with Bathsheba

Davidic Covenant

Great name, place for Israel, rest from enemies, dynasty; unconditional for David w/ sign of temple in Jerusalem

Syro-Ephraimitic Crisis

Syria and the Tribe of Ephraim (Israel) together against Assyria; Judah doesn't join

Joshua

Moses' successor who led the Israelites into the Promised Land

Sechem

Person: Son of Hamor, defiles Dinah, brothers of Dinah kill his people

Place: Where Abraham built the first altar

Joshua gathers 12 tribes there and renews the covenant

Deborah

Female judge; deliverance from oppressors (King Jabin of Canaan and his general Sisera --> Sisera will die by a woman)

Jael

Canaanite woman who drove tent peg through skull of Sisera

The city of Gibeah

Levites' concubine location; war between the tribe of Benjamin and the other tribes

Symbolic Action

A behavior that says more than words can express; such as marrying an unfaithful woman and eating scrolls

Prophetic Oracle

God's speech, spoken by a prophet; A tense poetic statement, stylized in form, set off by formulas

Messenger Formula

"Thus says the LORD"

King Ahab

King of the northern kingdom who was confronted by Elijah for allowing the pagan worship to take hold in Israel

Queen Jezebel

Queen who replaced worship of God with the worship of Baal.

Former Prophets

Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings; historical books

Latter Prophets

Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel; prophetic books

Rehoboam

Solomon's son and 1st King of Judah; didn't listen to old man about financial relief for people so the people left

Jeroboam I

1st king of Israel after divide; builds shrines

King Josiah

Good king of Judah who restored the temple and reformed worship

King Manasseh

Judah's most wicked king - rebuilt shrines to foreign gods, promoted worship of Ba͑al; blamed for the end of Judah

Babylonian Exile

In 587 BC, the Babylonians pillaged Judah, destroyed the Temple and the city of Jerusalem, and banished the people in chains to serve as slaves in Babylon. Lasted until 538 BC.

Fall of Israel to Assyria

722 BCE

Division of the monarchy

922 BCE

United Monarchy

The period of Israel's monarchy when all twelve tribes were united under one king; this period lasted through the reigns of Saul, David, and Solomon

Time of the Judges

After the death of Joshua they were the military like leaders who protected Israel from its enemies

Amos

Shepherd from Judah during Jeroboam II, prophesy in Israel; Justice of God

Hosea

Israel during Jeroboam II and Hoshea; message was the Love of God

Isaiah of Jerusalem

During the fall of Israel; message of the holiness of God; prophesy a woman will conceive a son and name him Immanuel

2nd Isaiah

During Babylonian Exile, theme of the comfort of God

3rd Isaiah

After return, in Judah

Jeremiah

Start of Babylonian exile (from Judah); message of the sorrow of God

Ezekiel

In Babylon during the exile; lots of symbolic action; message of the Transcendence of God and the Silence of God

Moses and Joshua comparison

Joshua parts the Jordan River; use of spies; people swear to follow him; meets an angel and told to take off sandals

Moses and Elijah

Fast for 40 days, saw glory of God on a mountain.

Moses - lead people from Egypt

Elijah - lead people away from Baal

The Sacrifice of Isaac, Jephthah's daughter, and Jonathan

Father willing to kill their child

Isaac - son is saved, commanded by God, unknowing victim, central to covenant, divine intervention

Jephthah's daughter - sacrificed, foolish vow, willing victim, no intervention

Jonathan - saved, foolish vow, willing victim, royal line, people intervene

Sodom and Gomorrah, and the Levite's concubine

Strangers in town and the virgin daughters offer to save the men

Lot story - the 2 men are angels and Divine intervention

Levite Concubine - Human intervention makes it worse

Joshua follows theme of Deuteronomy

Obedience leads to blessing, disobedience leads to curses