motivation and emotion

A need that energizes and directs behavior towards some goal is known as a _______.

motive

The experience of feelings is known as an

emotion

Both motives and emotions move us toward some

action

Around the turn of the century, Psychologists were inclined to explain motivated behavior by attributing it to

instincts

The motive of self-actualization makes one want to

make the best one can out of onself

The theory stating that behaviors are motivated by the body's attempt to reduce tension from conditions such as hunger or thirst to a state of balance and stability is the

Drive reduction

Some psychologists believe behavior is motivated by the body's attempt to achieve a state of balance and stability in which the body functions effectively or

homeostasis

Thirst, sex, and hunger are examples of _______ drives.

primary

Drives that are learned skills (like the use of money) are called ___________ drives

secondary

A highly charged or emotional state would least affect

washing the car

Something in the environment that can motivate your behavior is referred to as

incentives

The hunger and the satiety centers are located in the

hypothalamus

The brain measures satiety by measuring the level of _________ in the blood

glucose

Each of the following environmental factors can affect hunger except for

cholesterol levels

The mere aroma of food

Serves as an incentive to eat and arouses the primary drive of hunger

Serious eating disorder that is associated with an intense fear of weight gain and a distorted body image is called

anorexia nervosa

Each of the following is a symptom of anorexia nervosa except

recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging of the food just eaten

About 90 percent of those suffering from anorexia nervosa are

Upper or middle class females

An eating disorder characterized by binges or eating following self-induced vomiting is called

bulimia

_________________ is an obsessive concern with ones muscle size

muscle dysmorphia

Thirst is stimulated by

both internal and external cues

The primary male sex hormone is

testosterone

Chemical that stimulate sexual readiness through the sense of smell are

pheromones

Hiking to the top of a mountain could satisfy each of the following except the _________________ motve

mainpulation

In harlows classic experiments, frightened infant monkeys ran to a surrogate mother that offered

warmth and closeness

The need to excel, to overcome obstacles represent the ______________ motive

achievement

The correct sequential order of maslows hierarchy of motives from more primitive to most complex in human is

Physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self-actualization

Seeing a bear, running away from it, and then becoming frightened is the sequence of events postulated by the _____ theory

james-lange

The _____________ theory of emotion states that the experience of emotion occurs simultaneously with the biological changes

cannon-bird

The most reliable and universally recognized emotional indicators are

facial expression

Which of the following is common to dogs, tigers and humans

Barring the teeth in rage

The messages that we send through our physical positions and posture have been called

body language

The satiety center or ventromedial hypothalamus tells us when we are

full

Which of the following emotions is most closely linked to aggression

frustration

In an experiment, a scientist administers electric shocks to a pair of rats. If there is not possible escape, the rats are likely to

begin fighting with eachother

Extrinsic is to _____________ as intrinsic is to __________________

external; internal

Objects in the environment that can motivate behavior are called

incentives

Researchers found that in about 2/3 of rapes, the predominate motive was

power

Harry harlows famous experiments with isolated monkeys provide convincing evidence that primates possess a strong

need for contact

Recent surveys indicate that the evidence of obesity in the US has

increased

Salmon swimming upstream to spawn are an example of

drives

Which of the following does not support the drive reduction theory

going jogging when you are bored

The way in which a person responds when hungry

varies with each individuals social conditioning and experiences

Each of the following is true of people with anorexia nevosa except

they typically have a troubled childhood and adolescence

A monkey will huddle next to a cloth "mother" rather than a wire "mother" when scared, even when it was nursed from the wire "mother." This is an example of the ________ motive.

contact motive

_______________ is a necessary element of virtually all aggression

intent to harm

A need for affiliation is a need to

be with or around other people

Emotions shared by people around the world are known as

primary

When men and women are angered , men tend to turn their anger _________, and women tend to turn their anger ____________

Outward; inward

A famed psychologist claims that motivated behaviors result from an effort to reduce tension caused by bodily needs such as hunger or thirst. This psychologist's philosophy most closely matches ________ theory.

drive-reduction

Culture often influences what we choose to eat and what times we eat

true

Sex, hunger, thirst and money are all primary drives

false

Anorexia and bulimia affect males and females at the same rates

false

The cognitive or two factory theory of emotions states that a persons perception of the situation they are in will determine what emotions they experience

true

Freud viewed aggression as an innate drive that continues to build up until it is release in some way, like through actual violence, or in a more threatening way such as sports or debating

true

The thalamus controls emotions such as rage, thirst, and fear

false

Money is an example of an intrinsic motivator

false

anorexia is really about being thinner and feeling better in your clothes

false

The avg person can go about 10 days without water and 60 to 70 days without food

false

almost all of us conceal our emotions to some extent

true

women are generally more aggressive than men

false

hunger has no effect on our emotions

false

As a general rule, humans have very little need for social contact

false

Humans are no better than animals at controlling their emotions

false

Abraham maslow said that few people truly reach their self-actualization

true