HID 2 - ROMANESQUE

romanesque

means “in the roman style” or “roman-like”

Romanesque Art

An architectural style that emerged in Europe during the late 10th century and flourished in the 11th and 12th centuries, characterized by a revival of Roman architectural elements.

Romanesque Art

Art that owed something to Byzantine art, greatly inspired by Christianity, and developed in response to the needs of the growing Christian Church.

Romanesque Architecture

The architectural style that evolved from strategies employed by Christian churches, influenced by ancient Roman architecture.

churches

not built just to hold services

architectural display of imperial power

geographical

romanesque style originated in west europe (Italy, Germany, France, Spain, and Portugal & Bristish Isles) and in north europe (the scandinavian kingdoms)

social

the establishment of feudal systems and attacks from invaders led to the building of fortified castles

religious

enthusiasm was expressed in the magnificent cathedral churches and monastic buildings

christianity

chief source of education and culture

architecture

regarded as a sacred science

geological

abundance of terracotta, bricks, stone, and marbles

climatic

north - large windows to admit light and high-pitched roofs to throw off snow

south - small openings to exclude dazzling sunshine

roof

towers with steep roofs (round, square, or octagonal)

two towers on the west entrance

a tower above the crossing of the nave and transept pitched roofs with gables

squinch arches

used when the crossing of the nave and transept was crowned by an octagonal tower

walls

corbels of projecting blocks of stones

pilasters strips with arched moldings

corbel table

row of corbels

openings

round arch for windows and doors

doors

deeply recessed and flanked by a series of receding columns and arches known as orders

tympanum

surface enclosed by the arch and lintel of an arched doorway

frequently carved with relief sculptures

archivolt

the molding from an arch

each one of a series of arches framing the tympanum of a portal

lintel

horizontal beam spanning an openings as over a window or door, or between two posts

trumeau

doorpost supporting lintel

jamb

the side of a doorway or window frame

decorated with figure sculpture