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romanesque
means “in the roman style” or “roman-like”
Romanesque Art
An architectural style that emerged in Europe during the late 10th century and flourished in the 11th and 12th centuries, characterized by a revival of Roman architectural elements.
Romanesque Art
Art that owed something to Byzantine art, greatly inspired by Christianity, and developed in response to the needs of the growing Christian Church.
Romanesque Architecture
The architectural style that evolved from strategies employed by Christian churches, influenced by ancient Roman architecture.
churches
not built just to hold services
architectural display of imperial power
geographical
romanesque style originated in west europe (Italy, Germany, France, Spain, and Portugal & Bristish Isles) and in north europe (the scandinavian kingdoms)
social
the establishment of feudal systems and attacks from invaders led to the building of fortified castles
religious
enthusiasm was expressed in the magnificent cathedral churches and monastic buildings
christianity
chief source of education and culture
architecture
regarded as a sacred science
geological
abundance of terracotta, bricks, stone, and marbles
climatic
north - large windows to admit light and high-pitched roofs to throw off snow
south - small openings to exclude dazzling sunshine
roof
towers with steep roofs (round, square, or octagonal)
two towers on the west entrance
a tower above the crossing of the nave and transept pitched roofs with gables
squinch arches
used when the crossing of the nave and transept was crowned by an octagonal tower
walls
corbels of projecting blocks of stones
pilasters strips with arched moldings
corbel table
row of corbels
openings
round arch for windows and doors
doors
deeply recessed and flanked by a series of receding columns and arches known as orders
tympanum
surface enclosed by the arch and lintel of an arched doorway
frequently carved with relief sculptures
archivolt
the molding from an arch
each one of a series of arches framing the tympanum of a portal
lintel
horizontal beam spanning an openings as over a window or door, or between two posts
trumeau
doorpost supporting lintel
jamb
the side of a doorway or window frame
decorated with figure sculpture
