(Module 1B) Tissues & Integument

What are the primary tissue types in the human body?

Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscular

Describe epithelial tissue.

Tissue composed of layers of closely spaced cells that cover organ surfaces or form glands; serves for protection, secretion, and absorption

What are some representative locations of epithelial tissue?

Epidermis

Inner linking of digestive tract

Liver

Other glands

Describe connective tissue.

Tissue with usually more matrix than cell volume; often specialized to support, bind, and protect organs

What are some representative locations of connective tissue?

Tendons and ligaments

Cartilage and bone

Blood and lymph

Describe nervous tissue.

Tissue containing excitable cells specialized for rapid transmission of info to other cells

What are some representative locations of nervous tissue?

Brain

Spinal cord

Nerves

Describe muscular tissue.

Tissue composed of elongated, excitable cells specialized for contraction

What are some representative locations of muscular tissue?

Skeletal muscles

Heart (cardiac muscle)

Walls of viscera (smooth muscle)

What are the components of the Integumentary System?

Epidermis and Dermis, NOT the subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

Is the subcutaneous layer (hypodermis) a part of the Integumentary System?

No

What are the 2 skin types?

Thin skin = contains hair

Thick skin = hairless (palms/soles)

What are the 5 major functions of the Integumentary System?

- Protection barrier

- Contains the internal structures of the body

- Thermoregulation

- Sensation

- Vitamin D synthesis

Describe the epidermis.

- Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium (superficial cells are dead)

- Avascular (receives nutrients by diffusion from the dermis)

- Sparse nerve endings

Describe the dermis.

- Has 2 layers of connective tissue

- Papillary layer (superficial, loose connective tissue, rich in blood vessels)

- Reticular layer (deep, dense connective tissue, provides strength via collagen)

Stretch marks result from stretching of _____.

Dermal collagen

What is the primary function of a hair follicle?

Hair growth

What muscle is associated with the hair follicle and causes goosebumps?

Arrector pili muscle

What is the major action of the Sebaceous gland?

Produces sebum

What are the 2 types of sweat glands?

Eccrine sweat gland and Apocrine sweat gland

What are the 2 major functions of sweat glands?

thermoregulation and evaporative cooling

Eccrine sweat glands are _____.

everyday sweat glands, cools us off when we get hot by evaporation

Apocrine sweat glands are _____.

located in the armpits (axilla), inguinal region, pubic region

- don't appear until puberty

- get more smelly as more apocrine sweat glands get activated

What are the 3 types of burns?

1st degree = least severe

2nd degree

3rd degree = most severe

Which types of burns are classified as partial-thickness versus full-thickness?

1st and 2nd degree = partial thickness

3rd degree = full-thickness

Describe the damage of a 1st degree burn.

Damaged epidermis

Describe the damage of a 2nd degree burn.

Damaged epidermis and halfway through dermis

Describe the damage of a 3rd degree burn.

Damaged epidermis, dermis, and some part of hypodermis

What does the Rule of 9s estimate?

Total body surface area burned

What are the 2 types of fascia?

Superficial fascia and Deep fascia

What is Superficial fascia?

- Loose connective tissue

- Contains adipose tissue

- Contains superficial blood vessels and cutaneous nerves

What is Deep fascia?

- Dense connective tissue

- Surrounds muscles

- Forms muscle compartments

- Provides pathways for vessels and nerves