STRUCTURES OF BACTERIAL CELL

TRUE

“Eu” means

NUCLEUS

“Karyo” means

EUKARYOTES

More complex and contain a true nucleus and membrane

bound-organelles

EUKARYOTES

Algae, protozoa ,fungi ,plants ,animals

80s

Number of ribosome in eukaryotes

70s

Number of ribosomes in Prokaryotes

1-10

size of Prokaryotic cell

10-100

size of Eukaryotic cell

0.02-0.3

size of virus

BINARY FISSION

replication of prokaryotic cell

MITOSIS/ MEIOSIS

replication of Eukaryotic cell

REQUIRES A HOST

replication of virus

PEPTIDOGLYCAN

cell wall of prokaryotic cell

VARIES (PLANTS/FUNGI)

cell wall of eukaryotic cell

VIRUS

Lack cellular structure, metabolism, and independent replication and requires a host

CAPSOMERS, NUCLEIC ACID CORE, CAPSID, ENVELOPE

CYTOPLASM

The gel-like substance within the cell where metabolic activities and reactions occur.

NUCLEOID

Contains the bacterial chromosome; the region where the genetic material is located

GLYCOCALYX

A polysaccharide layer that protects the cell, aids in adherence, and prevents desiccation

CAPSULE

A tightly packed glycocalyx that protects bacteria from phagocytosis and aids in pathogenicity

CELL WALL

Provides structure, protection, and shape to the cell; made of peptidoglycan in bacteria

PLASMA MEMBRANE

A selectively permeable membrane that regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell and facilitates metabolic reactions

RIBOSOME

Protein synthesis occurs here

PILI

Hair-like structures that aid in attachment and DNA transfer during conjugation

FIMBRIAE

Short, thin projections that help bacteria adhere to surfaces and host cells

FLAGELLA

Long, whip-like structures that provide motility

SPORES

Highly resistant structures formed under adverse conditions for survival; protect genetic material

PROKARYOTES

Very Simple cells and do not have complex system of membranes and organelles

PROKARYOTES

Bacteria and Arachea