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Personality psychology
Study of consistent patterns thoughts feelings and behaviors
Social psychology
Study of how people think about influence and relate to others
Person perception
Forming impressions of others
Attribution theory
Explains how we determine causes of behavior (internal vs external)
Fundamental attribution error
Overestimating personality and underestimating situation when judging someone
Actor-observer bias
We blame situations for our behavior but personality for others behaviors
Stereotype
Overgeneralized belief about a group of people
Prejudice
Unjustified negative attitude toward a group
Discrimination
Unfair behavior toward a group
Just world phenomenon
Belief that people get what they deserve
Social identity
Sense of self based on group membership
Ingroup
Group you belong to
Outgroup
Group you don't belong
Ingroup bias
Favoring your own group
Scapegoat theory
Blaming others for your problems
Other race effect
Easier recognition of faces from your own race
Trait
Stable characteristic or tendency
Factor analysis
Statistical method to identify clusters of traits
Introversion
Preference for solitude and less stimulation
Personality inventory
Questionnaire assessing personality traits
MMPI
Widely used personality test for diagnosing disorders
Empirically derived test
Test developed through research and data
Big Five factors
Five main personality types (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism)
Personality stability
Consistency of personality traits over time
Social cognitive perspective
Personality is shaped by interaction of traits, environment, and thoughts
Behavioral approach
Personality learned through conditioning
Reciprocal determinism
Interaction between behavior, environment, and personal factors
Self
Your sense of identify
Self esteem
Overall self worth
Self serving bias
Taking credit for success and blaming failures on outside factors
Individualism
Prioritizing personal goals of independence
Collectivism
Prioritizing group goals and harmony
Self efficacy
Belief in your ability to succeed