6.1: Liquid State of Matter

Flashcards for key vocabulary terms related to the liquid state of matter, including definitions and important properties.

Adhesive Forces

Attractions between molecules of different substances.

Cohesive Forces

Attractions between molecules of the same substance.

Boiling Point

Temperature a liquid changes to a gas throughout the bulk liquid.

Capillary Action

Upward movement of a liquid in a narrow tube due to adhesion.

Evaporation

Phase change from liquid to gas occurring at the surface below the boiling point.

Condensation

Phase change from gas to liquid.

Freezing Point

Temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid.

Viscosity

A liquid's resistance to flow.

Vaporization

Phase change from liquid to gas.

Surface Tension

Energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid; tendency to minimize surface area.

Density

Mass per unit volume.

Diffusion

Spontaneous mixing of particles due to random motion (high to low concentration).

Sublimation

Phase change directly from solid to gas.

Solvent

Substance doing the dissolving (usually the component present in larger amount).

Solute

Substance being dissolved.

Meniscus

Curved surface of a liquid in a container.

Definite Volume

Property of liquids and solids; occupy a fixed amount of space.

Indefinite Shape

Property of liquids and gases; take the shape of their container.

Intermolecular Forces (IMFs)

Attractive forces between molecules.

Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)

Model explaining matter's behavior based on particle motion.

High Density

Particles in liquids/solids are packed closely, making them much denser than gases.