Class 10 Science and Technology Practice Flashcards

Flashcards covering essential vocabulary, chemical equations, and biological processes from the Class 10 Science and Technology syllabus.

Pepsin

Stomach enzyme converting proteins into peptones.

Mercury

Metal that exists as a liquid.

Graphite

Soft non-metal that acts as an electrical conductor.

Diamond

Hardest substance known, which acts as an insulator.

Iron Reaction with Steam

Reaction represented by the equation $3\text{Fe} + 4\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 + 4\text{H}_2$.

Displacement Reaction

Chemical reaction where a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal.

Basic Copper Carbonate

Green substance formed on copper during corrosion due to air and moisture.

Ionic Compounds

Compounds with a high melting point that conduct electricity in a molten state.

Alcohol Functional Group

Functional group represented by the formula $-\text{OH}$.

Carboxylic Acid Functional Group

Functional group represented by the formula $-\text{COOH}$.

Homologous Series

Series of compounds having the same formula pattern with a difference of a $\text{CH}_2$ group.

Ethanol Formation Fermentation Equation

Chemical reaction represented by $\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 \rightarrow 2\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} + 2\text{CO}_2$.

Ethanoic Acid

Compound with the formula $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}$, also known as vinegar acid.

Biotic Components

Ecosystem components consisting of producers, consumers, and decomposers.

Abiotic Components

Non-living ecosystem components including air, water, and soil.

Food Chain

Linear pattern of energy transfer between organisms.

Food Web

Interconnected pattern of multiple food chains.

10% Law

Ecological rule stating that only $10\%$ of energy passes to the next trophic level.

Nitrification

Process in the nitrogen cycle converting ammonia to nitrate.

Atmosphere

Largest nitrogen reservoir in the environment.

Natality

Population term referring to birth rate.

Mortality

Population term referring to death rate.

Biomagnification

Process where toxic chemicals like DDT increase in concentration at higher trophic levels.

Global Warming

Environmental phenomenon caused by $\text{CO}_2$ greenhouse effect leading to ice melt and climate change.

Ozone Depletion

Environmental damage caused by CFC gases.

Acid Rain

Precipitation caused by atmospheric $\text{SO}_2$ and $\text{NO}_2$.

Eutrophication

Process where fertilizers cause algae bloom, leading to oxygen loss and fish death.

Vasectomy

Male contraceptive method.

Tubectomy

Female contraceptive method.