Studied by 571 peoplePhotosynthesis
process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose
cellular respiration
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
odorless gas that is a product of cellular respiration and that plants absorb in the process of photosynthesis
Oxygen (O2)
gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to body cells. Used in cellular respiration
chemical reaction
the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances. molecules break apart or rearrange to form new molecules
glucose
A simple sugar that is an important source of energy. Produced in photosynthesis. Used in cellular respiration
Chloroplast
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy. Where photosynthesis takes place
Stomata
Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move
independent variable
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
dependent variable
The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable. variable we measure
experimental group
In an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable.
control group
In an experiment, the group that is NOT exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
sample size
The number of subjects used in an experiment or study. Generally, the larger the better.
Reactant
a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.
Product
A substance produced in a chemical reaction
Carbohydrates
the starches and sugars present in foods; broken down to glucose to provide energy
Proteins
Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues. built from amino acids
Fats
lipids that are solid at room temperature. animals store energy as fats
Starch
soft, white, tasteless powder that is insoluble in cold water, alcohol, or other solvents. complex carbs - multiple subunits connected together
Metabolism
the chemical changes that take place in the cell, make energy and materials that organisms need to grow and/or repair itself
Energy
the ability to do work
Food
molecules that provide our bodies with energy. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates
Energy Conversion
The change of energy from one type to another
Nutrients
A substance or ingredient that provides energy and promotes growth
triglyceride
occurring naturally in animal and vegetable tissues; it consists of three individual fatty acids bound together in a single large molecule
Amino Acid
Building blocks of proteins
enzyme
produced by cells to start chemical reactions
Chemical Indicator
A substance that gives a visible sign when something is present.
Simple sugar
made up of a single sugar molecule, glucose, fructose or galactose
Complex Carbohydrate
Made of sugar molecules strung together in longer chains
digestion
The process of breaking down food to be used by the body
Law of conservation of matter
Matter can neither be created or destroyed, but only rearranged in chemical reactions
Cellular Respiration
Process by which organisms combine oxygen and food to create usable energy
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of cell, site of ATP (energy) production
exercise
a purposeful physical activity that maintains or improves physical fitness
Calories
unit used to measure energy used by the body and the energy that food supplies
Note
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