APHY 101 B-Test

What is the correct sequence of somatic cellular reproduction?

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

The skin is an example of _____ class of tissue.

Epithelial

The cytoplasm dividing into two daughter cells occurs in the _______ phase of cellular reproduction.

Telophase

How many chromosomes are found in mature sperm?

23

What is meiosis?

Germ cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in the gametes

What is a eukaryotic cell?

Generally multi-celled organisms with a nucleus in more complex structures.

The nucleus of a cell contains which of the following?

DNA, Genes, Chromosomes

Look at the image. What is this?

DNA, Molecule

What do the A, T, C, and G letters represent?

A- Adenine

T- Thymine

C- Cytosine

G- Guanine

What are the three cavities that make up the human torso?

Thoracic, abdominal, pelvic

What cavity houses the brain?

Cranial

Which type of cell membrane transport requires energy?

Active transport

Identify the tissue class: Adipose-

Connective

Identify the tissue class: Cartilage-

Connective

Identify the tissue class: Neurons-

Nervous

Identify the tissue class: Myocardial-

Cardiac

Identify the tissue class: Skin-

Epithelial

Identify the tissue class: Red blood cells-

Connective

Identify the tissue class: Striated-

Muscular

Mitochondria

D. Converts carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins into energy for cell metabolism

Lysosomes

A. Dissolve substances which enter the cell

Cytoskeleton

G. Provide structural support for the cell

Endoplasmic Reticula

E. Transport proteins between nucleus and cytoplasm

Ribosomes

C. Assist in protein synthesis

Cell membrane

F. Encloses the cell and restricts what enters into the cell

Immature sperm/egg cells have ____ chromosomes?

46

Energy needed for cell metabolism comes from the production of?

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Translation

The process in which information encoded in mRNA directs the addition of amino acids during protein synthesis.

Catabolism

Break down of a complex molecule in organisms to make similar ones with the release of energy.

Homeostasis

Self regulation process by which a living organism can maintain stability while adjusting to changing conditions.

Enzymes

Substance product end by a living organism which brings out a specific biochemical reaction.

Gene

Short section of DNA that contains instructions that tell your cells to make molecules that are called proteins.

Put the following in order from smallest to largest:

Non-striated tissue, muscle cell, digestive system, stomach, carbon, myosin protein

1.) Carbon

2.) Myosin protein

3.) Muscle cell

4.) Non-striated tissue

5.) Stomach

6.) Digestive system

Meat is a good source of proteins. When we eat meat, the proteins are broken down into (1)_______ by our digestive system. These smaller molecular groups can then enter into the cytoplasm of a cell through the (2) __________ via passive transport. In the cytoplasm, these smaller molecules will chemically bind to (3) ________ and are transported toward a ribosomal unit. At the ribosome, to form a new protein they will be bonded together in a specific order according to the code on the (4)________. This code is based on each group of three nucleotide bases called a (5) _______. The entire process of new protein chains is called (6)_________. These chains can then be used to build new organelles in preparation for the cell to reproduce. This is called (7) _________ in somatic cells.

1.) Amino acids

2.) Cell membrane

3.) tRNA

4.) mRNA

5.) Codon

6.) Protein synthesis

7.) Mitosis

What is the term for a fertilized single cell at stage 1?

Zygote

How many chromosomes are in the cell at stage 1?

46

Embryonic layer is #5 will eventually form skin, hair, nails, and the central nervous system. What is this layer called?

Ectoderm