Study Guide for Finals Q3&4 - Planetary Science/Gravity & K.E.

science final

explain the phases of the moon

The phases of the moon refer to the different appearances of the moon as observed from Earth, resulting from its position relative to the Earth and the Sun. These phases include the new moon, first quarter, full moon, and last quarter, as the moon orbits Earth.

what is a solar eclipse

A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking all or part of the Sun's light from reaching the Earth.

what is a lunar eclipse

A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, causing the Earth's shadow to cover the Moon. This can only happen during a full moon.

where are different objects located in the universe

The study of the position and distribution of celestial bodies, such as stars, planets, and galaxies, in the cosmos.

what is the sequence of the carters that came first on the moon

The sequence of lunar craters, including those formed by early impacts, began with large basins like the Imbrium and Serenitatis, followed by smaller craters due to subsequent impacts. This helped shape the Moon's surface over billions of years.

how does the presence of an atmosphere chance a planet’s surface

An atmosphere can shield a planet's surface from harmful radiation, regulate temperature, and facilitate weathering and erosion processes, influencing its geological features.

what is the average speed and how do you calculate it

The average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken. It provides a measure of how fast an object moves over a specified period.

what is acceleration and how do you calculate it

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object. It can be calculated using the formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.

acceleration due to gravity

The acceleration experienced by an object due to the gravitational pull of a planet, typically measured as 9.81 m/s² on Earth.

how do you calculate the wieght of an object

w = mg

how does an unbalanced force affects the motion of an object

An unbalanced force acting on an object will cause it to accelerate in the direction of the net force, changing its speed or direction of motion.

how does P.E changes with the position of an object

The heavier and higher above the ground, the more gravitational potential energy it holds

How does K.E changes with speed?

Kinetic energy increases with the square of the speed of the object; as speed doubles, K.E. increases by a factor of four.

how does the weight changed on different objects?

If mass increases, kinetic energy increases when going down hill.