Roman Republic

Consuls, censors, aediles, quaestors

roles that are in the executive branch

1 year terms, commander in chief, veto power over other one, appoint dictators

Consul

18-month terms, 2 people, census takers, supervise moral conduct

Censor

public works, public entertainment, Julius Caesar’s first job, 4 in total

Aedile

treasurers, 20 in total

Quaestor

Senate, Popular assemblies, Tribunes

roles that are in the legislative branch

300 members, composed of patricians, controlled public funds, controlled foreign policy, appoint dictators

Senate

several different assemblies, composed largely of plebeians, passed laws, declared war/peace, elected tribunes

Popular Assemblies

Plebeians

non-aristocrats

10 elected by popular assemblies, veto power over senate and officials, most targeted

Tribune

Tribunes holding power over senate

why were tribunes so targeted?

just Praetors

roles in Judicial branch(that we covered)

similar to lawyers, different roles between wartime and peace

Praetor

commanded armies

what praetors did during war

oversaw legal system, interpreted legal questions and rulings

what praetors did during peace

one person with all the power, 6-month terms in emergency, given full military and judicial power, appointed by senate or consuls

Dictator

Decisions will be decided quickly in times of need

Why were dictators appointed?

Dictators would change term length and overthrow the people

Why were dictators dangerous?

Checks and balances

the separation of power between groups or people

term

the length of time someone can serve

branches

sections of government with their own purposes and responsibilities

Greek government

biggest influence on early Roman government

Patricians

aristocrats (nobles); controlled gov & legal system

Plebeians not knowing the laws

biggest problem for the plebeians in the Republic

The Twelve Tables

the Roman law being displayed for the first time

Class conflict, Senate will become too powerful, Dictators potential for abuse

List the main problems in the Republic

Carthage

Rome’s rival

Founders of Rome

Latin influence on Rome

Religion, Architecture, Government

Greek influences on Rome

art style, road building techniques, alphabet

Etruscan influences on Rome

Strong navy/exploration and conquering

Biggest Carthaginian strengths

apartment buildings, limestone, plumbing system

Carthaginian architecture

wealth, center of ideas, international connections

reasons Carthage was a trade power

Gaul

Ancient name of France

Republic

Term meaning representative democracy

Tiber, Rhine, Danube

Rivers that formed Rome’s boundaries with the Germanic lands

Alps

Mountain range north of the Italian peninsula

hills

Rome was built upon seven ____

veto

word meaning “I forbid”

509 BC

Year Roman Republic was formed