American History Chapter 7

1781-1789

The Critical Period

1785

Land Ordinance

1787

Northwest Ordinance; Constitutional Convention

1788

U.S. Constitution Ratified

1791

Bill of Rights

Massachusetts (masses)

submitted to the people for ratification before adoption

Bicameral

two-house legislature

Confederacy

the form of government established by the Articles of Confederation

Land Ordinance of 1785

divided the Northwest Territory into townships;

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

gave opportunity for self-government and the ability to join America as their population increased

Shay’s Rebellion

led by Daniel Shays; unpaid Patriot soldiers rebelled against the government

Mt. Vernon Conference

state representatives met to work out navigation rights between Maryland and Virginia concerning the Potomac

Annapolis Convention

meeting in Maryland in 1786 to revise the Artiles of Confederation (Alexander Hamilton and James Madison)

Benjamin Franklin

the oldest delegate

James Madison

most important delegate to attend; “Father of the Consitution”

Jonathan Dayton

youngest delegate to attend (26)

Great Decission

the delegates decided to create a new Consitution and discard the Articles

Virginia Plan

Proposed by Edmund Randolph

New Jersey Plan

Proposed by William Paterson

Upper House

based on equal representation

Lower House

based on population

Three-Fifths Compromise

“solved” the problem of slave population and representation (3 of 5 slaves)

Tariffs

taxes on imported goods

1787

What year was the Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia

State constitutions

What was written once charters were abandoned

John Dickinson

Who proposed and led the Articles of Confederation

Articles of Confederation

What was the governing document for the colonies during the war

Executive and Judicial branch

What 2 things did the Articles of Confederation not have

Northwest territories

What was owned by America, but not technically colonies

Townships

What was the NorthWest Territory divided into

Daniel Shays

Who led the Shays rebellion

Critical Period

What were the years under the Articles of Confederation called

Independence Hall

Where did the beginning of the Convention began

Federal

What kind of system did they want on the New Constitution

Electoral College

system of voting for the president through representatives

Federalists

supported the Consitution

Anti-Federalists

opposed the Consitution

Deleware

ratified 1st

New Hampshire

9th to ratify (1788); put the constitution into force

The Federalist (Papers)

A series of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay

Rhode Island

What was the last state to ratify

George Washington

Who was chosen as the first president

Alexander Hamilton

Who wrote the Federalist papers