Modules 17/18- Isolation Procedures

microorganism

a small living thing seen only with a microscope

pathogens

harmful microbes that can cause infection

non-pathogen

microbes that don't cause infection

reservoir

a host for pathogens to grow

normal flora

microbes that live and grow

multidrug resistant organisms (MRDOs)

microbes that can resist the effects of antibiotics

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

MRSA

vancomycin-resistant enterococci

VRE

chain of infection

source>reservoir> portal of exit> method of transmission>portal of entry>susceptible host

droplet transmission

travels in the air and goes about 3ft in the air before hitting the ground

airborne transmission

droplet or dust particle (TB and chicken pox)

vector borne

external transmission

direct mode of transmission

person to person

indirect mode of transmission

pathogen is on a piece of equipment

Health-Associated Infection (HAI)

infection contracted in a healthcare setting

asepsis

being free of disease-producing microbes

medical asepsis(clean technique)

removes or destroys pathogens

surgical asepsis(sterile technique)

destroys ALL microbes (pathogens and non-pathogens)

disinfection

process of destroying pathogens

sterilizing

destroys all non-pathogens AND pathogens

bloodborne pathogen standard

protects employees from exposure

HBV vaccine

3 injections given before or after exposure

Personal Protective Equipment

preventative measures against pathogens

biohazardous waste

discarding blood/bodily fluids

surgical asepsis

procedures to kill ALL non-pathogens and pathogens

Where are sterile items kept?

always in line with your vision

standard precautions

used for everyone

transmission-based precautions

needs the use of PPE

donning PPE

1. gown 2. mask 3. goggles 4. gloves

doffing PPE

1. gloves 2. goggles 3. gown 4. mask