1) Formation of Ions

What is an ion?

An ion is a charged particle that can be a single atom or a group of atoms, formed when electrons are gained or lost.

How do metals form ions?

Metals lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions (cations).

How do non-metals form ions?

Non-metals gain electrons in their outer shell to form negative ions (anions).

What charge does an ion have if it loses 2 electrons?

If an atom loses 2 electrons, it forms a 2+ ion.

What groups of the periodic table are most likely to form ions?

Groups 1, 2, 6, and 7 are the most likely to form ions.

What kind of ions do Group 1 and Group 2 elements form?

Group 1 elements form +1 ions, and Group 2 elements form +2 ions.

What kind of ions do Group 6 and Group 7 elements form?

Group 6 elements form 2- ions, and Group 7 elements form 1- ions.

How does sodium (Na) form an ion?

Sodium (Na) loses 1 electron to form a Na⁺ ion with the same electron configuration as neon.

How does chlorine (Cl) form an ion?

Chlorine (Cl) gains 1 electron to form a Cl⁻ ion with the same electron configuration as argon.

What is the relationship between electron configuration and ion formation?

Atoms form ions to achieve a full outer shell, like the electron configuration of a noble gas.