CCNA1 IP Addressing Vocabulary

Flashcards for CCNA1 IP Addressing

IPv4 Address Structure

A 32-bit address divided into 4 octets, each octet transformed into a base 10 number.

Binary to Decimal Conversion

Each bit corresponds to a power of 2 in big-endian notation; sum the powers of 2 corresponding to bits set to 1.

Decimal to Binary Conversion

Subtract powers of 2 from the number in descending order; if possible, the corresponding bit is set to 1.

Network Mask

Delimits the network and host portions of an IP address.

Network Portion

The portion of the IP address that identifies the LAN.

Host Portion

The portion of the IP address that identifies the station.

Network Mask Structure

First bits are 1, and the last bits are 0.

Prefix Notation

A shorthand notation indicating the number of bits in the network portion of the mask (e.g., /20).

Network Address

Cannot be assigned to a device; it's the first address in a space, with all bits in the host portion set to 0; calculated using a logical AND between an IP address and its mask.

Broadcast Address

Cannot be assigned to a device; it's the last address in a space, with all bits in the host portion set to 1; calculated using a logical OR between an IP address and the binary inverse of its mask.

Allocatable Address

Any address that is not a network or broadcast address and can be assigned to a device.

Classful Addressing

Initial method of dividing IP addresses into classes, where class membership depends on the first octet of the IP address.

Private IP Addresses

Addresses that are not routed on the internet and only needs to be unique within the LAN.

Classless Addressing

The masks do not have a pre-established length.

Static Assignment

Manual IP configuration.

Dynamic Assignment

Automatic IP configuration.

IANA

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

RIR

Regional Internet Registries

ISP

Internet Service Provider

Ping

Used to test connectivity to localhost, default gateway, and external networks.

Traceroute

Determines the route from one device to another, using the TTL/Next Hop field.