cells

What is the function of the cytoplasm/cytosol?

It contains enzymes for glycolysis and other metabolic reactions, along with sugars, salts, amino acids, nucleotides, and everything else needed for the cell to function.

What organelle is responsible for directing all cellular activities?

The nucleus.

What is the main role of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)?

It is involved in protein synthesis and transport.

What process occurs in the mitochondria?

Cellular respiration, producing ATP.

What do lysosomes contain and what is their function?

They contain digestive enzymes used to break down unwanted chemicals, organelles, and even whole cells for recycling.

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

They are the sites of protein synthesis, where mRNA is translated into proteins.

What distinguishes chloroplasts from other organelles?

Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis, containing chlorophyll in thylakoids.

What is the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus?

A stack of flattened membrane sacs that modify, sort, and package proteins from the RER for transport.

What is the role of the large central vacuole in plant cells?

It maintains turgor pressure and stores nutrients or waste.

What are centrioles and their function in animal cells?

Microtubule structures important in cell division, forming spindle fibers to move chromosomes.

What is the composition of the plasma/cell membrane?

It is composed mainly of phospholipids and proteins.

What purpose does the cell wall serve in plant cells?

It provides support, strength, and protection to the cell.