HUM 211 Final Study Guide

Shakespearean characteristics

1. the tone is light hearted

2. the setting is usually spring or summer

3. a block character sets things in motion- one who tries to block the happiness of the young lovers (in AMSND, for example- this is Egeus)

4. the plot encompasses separation and unification (in AMSND the characters are separated from their elders, from each other- at carious points in the play- and then by the end of the work they are reunited)

5. the plot embodies a magical quality (in AMSND, of course, we are allowed into the fairy world of Puck et al)

6. the play usually ends happily, with marriages

Themes in AMSND

1. Patriarchy- women have little freedom in the play: both in the mortal and immortal worlds, a reflection of the time in which it was written

2. Difficulties of love

3. the irrationality of love

4. The blindness of love

5. establishing a healthy balance between imagination and reality

6. the power of imagination

“What say you, Hermia? Be advis’d, fair maid. To you your father should be as a god-”

Thesus

“I beg the ancient privilege of Athens: as she is mine, I may dispose of her, which shall be either to this gentleman or to her death, according to our law”

Egeus

“The course of true love never did run smooth”

Lysander

“Do I entice you? Do I speak you fair? Or, rather, do I not in plainest truth tell you I do not, nor I cannot love you?”

Demetrius

“And even for that do I love you the more. I am your spaniel; and Demetrius, the more you beat me, I will fawn on you. Use me but as your spaniel, spurn me, strike me, neglect me, lose me; only give me leave, unworthy as I am, to follow you”

Helena

“The lunatic, the lover, and the poet are of imagination of all compact.”

Thesus

“This is the silliest stuff that ever I heard”

Hippolyta

Who played which roles in AMSND?

Peter Quince- Prologue

Nick Bottom- Pyramus

Francis Flute- Thisbe

Robin Starveling- Moonshine

Tom Snout- Wall

Snug- Lion

Why is Oberon upset with Titania at the outset of the play?

Titania refuses to give up a changeling boy to Oberon.

Who are the couples in AMSND?

Thesus and Hippolyta

Oberon and Titania

Hermia and Lysander

Helena and Demetrius

What is mock heroic epic genre?

one that focuses on very silly subject matter (like that of a snipped lock) and presents these subjects in a very decorous, elaborate, serious manner.

What is The Rape of the Lock?

mock heroic epic genre

Which character from The Odyssey aligns nicely with Ariel in The Rape of the Lock

Athena

Who is the voice of the Pope in The Rape of the Lock?

Clarissa

What is the name of the Pope’s muse?

Caryll

What is the theme in The Rape of the Lock?

Vanity of 18th century social elite

Who are the real-life individuals upon which Belinda and the Baron are based on?

Belinda- Arabella Fermor

The Baron- Lord Petre (Robert, Baron Petre)

Who is considered to be the father of modern drama?

Henrik Ibsen because he was able to tackle many controversial issues

What is the theme of The Dollhouse?

1. Evils of Societal Conditioning. Ibsen invites his audience to
   evaluate the extent to which society has a stronghold on our lives. Are we allowing society (via subtle societal conditioning) to define us as it sees fit? Have we blindly fulfilled society’s stereotypical image it has prescribed for us? Ibsen invites us to think about these questions, then as necessary unleash ourselves from society’s constraints and be who we were meant to be, not what someone else (society ) wants us to be. If you don’t live your life your own way for yourself, whatever that may be, you can’t be truly happy. In the words of Audre Lorde, a 20th century 3rd wave feminist, If I didn't define myself for myself, I would be crunched into other people's fantasies for me and eaten alive. And, in the words of Socrates, “The unexamined life is not worth living.”

2. Friendship. Ibsen invites us to think about what it means to be a good friend: someone who is there for you no matter how ugly things get; someone who has your best interest at heart, someone who has the courage to tell you the truth when doing so may be difficult—someone who realizes that discomfort is needed for growth

3. Virtue of Viewing the World with an Open mind. Ibsen invites us to consider how we view the world and thus the manner in which we live our lives. He privileges a more open-minded approach to the world, allowing context and nuance to dictate our actions

4. Marriage. Ibsen invites us to examine the health of our marriages (unions) and make adjustments as necessary

Who does Nora borrow money from?

Nils Krogstad

Whose signature does Nora forge?

Her father’s

Who is considered the “closet rebel” in the play?

Mris. Linde (Kristine Linde)- she quietly challenges society norms by working, being independent, and urging Nora toward self-realization

What is Torvald’s job?

Bank manager

Why does Krogstad threaten Nora?

to keep his job at the bank by blackmailing her over the forged signature

What miracle does Nora hope for?

That Torvald will sacrifice himself to protect her secret

What’s the final, famous action Nora takes at the end of the play?

She leaves her husband and children to find her own identity

What does the door slam at the end symbolize?

Nora’s break from societal and marital constraints- a call for independence

What symbols are in The Doll’s House?

1. Dr. Rank is literally diseased—decaying. He has a
diseased spine, as a result of an untreated STD passed
down to him by his father (“He has consumption of the
spine, poor creature. His father was a horrible man who
committed all sorts of excesses, and that is why his son
was sickly from childhood, do you understand? [3]).

Dr. Rank is literally decaying. Metaphorically, Dr. Rank is
a physical manifestation of Nora and Torvald’s diseased
marriage. Like Dr. Rank, their marriage is slowly, but
surely deteriorating.
Metaphorically, also, Dr. Rank is a reminder of our own
mortality--given that we all die one day--to make the
best of the time you have on this earth and live life
meaningfully, which Nora plans to do by the end of the
work (this is a theme we encountered in Antigone [Ode
to Man] and in AMSND).
2. The Tarantella. The Tarantella is a couple’s dance
characterized frenetic whirling. Folk science dictates
that engaging in said dance will provide the cure for a
tarantula bite. Metaphorically, Nora’s engagement in
this dance represents her attempt to save her marriage.
The fact that Nora dances the Tarantella alone could
also foreshadow her life alone. It could also represent
her frenzied out-of-control marriage

“I have witnessed incredible things in this house. Helmer must know all about it This unhappy secret must be disclosed; they must have complete understanding between them, which is impossible with all this concealment and falsehood going on”

Christine

“Helmer’s refined nature gives him an unconquerable disgust at everything that is ugly; I won’t have him in my sickroom”

Dr. Rank

“But can’t we live here as brother and sister”

Torvald

“If I lose my position a second time, you shall lose yours with me.”

Nils Krogstad

“I need someone to mother, and your children need a mother. We two need each other.”

Mrs. Linde

“At the next fancy-dress ball I shall be invisible.”

Dr. Ranks

What are the themes in Jekyll and Hyde?

THE UNRELIABILITY OF APPEARANCES (people are not
always what they seem)/An uncovering of the ugly underbelly of Victorian folk).
● THE DUALITY OF HUMAN NATURE. People are a combination of good and bad
● RELIGIOUS ALLEGORY (THE ICONIC STRUGGLE BETWEEN
GOOD AND EVIL). Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde symbolize the good and evil, the angel and the devil. This internal struggle between two conflicting forces alludes to the biblical idea of the eternal struggle of the good and evil within human beings.
● PSYCHOANALYTICAL FOCUS. Viewing the work through a Freudian lens. According to Freud, human personality is complex and has more than a single component. In his famous psychoanalytical theory, Freud states that personality is composed
of three elements known as the Id (the part of the mind, which holds all of humankind's most basic and primal instincts), the superego (the
part of a person's mind that acts as a self-critical conscience, reflecting social standards learned from parents and teachers), and the ego (the portion of the human personality that mediates between the id and superego). Using Freud's terminology, Hyde can be defined as Jekyll's id (representing Jekyll's unconscious thoughts and behaviors which cause him to do irrational things such as trample a girl, and murder Sir Danvers Carew), whereas Jekyll himself can be defined as his superego (Jekyll's conscience). A struggle exists in all human beings in terms of balancing the id and superego.
● ANTI-FEMINIST FOCUS. A SHOWCASING OF VICTORIAN
SOCIETY’S NEGATIVE VIEW OF WOMEN. This is a work about men—not women. Those female characters showcased in the novella--the little girl trampled by Hyde and the maid who witnesses the death of Danvers Carew-- are unfavorably depicted: the little girl a victim and the maid weak of nature as she faints upon viewing the
murder. When considered through a feminist lens, it becomes easily discernible to the prudent reader that Stevenson portrayed no female
characters in a positive light, which reflects the attitudes toward women espoused by this Victorian society. showcased in the novella--the little girl trampled by Hyde and the maid who witnesses the
death of Danvers Carew-- are unfavorably depicted: the little girl a victim and the maid weak of nature as she faints upon viewing the
murder. When considered through a feminist lens, it becomes easily discernible to the prudent reader that Stevenson portrayed no female

“If he be Hyde, I will seek.”

Utterson

What is Mr. Utterson profession?

lawyer

With whom does Mr. Utterson take his weekly walks?

Mr. Enfield (his distant cousin)

Who is Dr. Jekyll?

A respected doctor and scientist who secretly becomes Mr. Hyde

Who is Mr. Hyde?

The evil alter ego of Dr. Jekyll, created through a scientific potion

What crime shocks all of London?

The murder of Sir Danvers Carew by Mr. Hyde

What’s the relationship between Jekyll and Hyde?

They are the same person, two identities in one body

What items links Hyde to Jekyll?

A cane used in the murder and Jekyll’s handwriting in a letter

How does the truth about Jekyll and Hyde come to light?

Through letters and confessions discovered after Jekyll’s death

“Man is not truly one, but truly two.”

Dr. Jekyll

“No gentleman but wishes to avoid a scene.”

Mr. Hyde

“The man trampled calmly over the child’s body and left her screaming on the ground.”

Mr. Enfield

“O God! I screamed, and O God! again and again.”

Dr. Lanyon

Before traveling to the Underworld, Inanna adorns herself with a multitude of “Me.” Each “Me” had symbolic value. What does the gold ring around her wrist represent?

The power to act

In his teachings, Epicarus advoacted pursing the righ tkinds of pleasures that lead to serenity, which is denoted by the following term:

Ataraxia

What do the last lines of White’s essay, “Security” (see below) suggest (as per most academicians)?

That the man on the Ferris wheel is not a true Philosopher King

Which individual was responsible for the Trojan Horse Ruse, that ended the Trojan War?

Odysseus

Which work includes the following lines (a core concept in this work). “There will be no injustice in compelling our philosophers to have a care and providence of others”?

The Allegory of the Cave

For Confucius, the power sustains, relationship is benevolence or:

Ren

Which character in The Odyssey gives Odysseus the following advice, as he makes his way back to Ithaca: “Beach your ship secretly when you come home/ Women just can’t be trusted anymore”?

Agamemnon

Which character below dies on Circe’s island by falling off her palace roof after a night of drinking?

Elpenor

The following concept is illustrated through Odysseus’ conversation with Achilles in the Underworld:

Kleos

Which part of Old Comedy includes a debate between those for and against the happy idea (organizing the women against the war), ending with defeat of the opposition? (The debate is between Lysistrata and the Athenian magistrate. It is in this part of the play that Aristophanes’ anti-war message is really understood)

Agon

Which poet was a member of group called “Neoterics” and was also influenced by Sappho?

Catullus

What character in The Odyssey exemplifies the Good Samaritan concept (as she selflessly provide Odysseus with a veil to prevent him from drowning)?

Ino

Which 20th century writer is Sappho said to have influenced— as both are “Imagists” (This author wrote the famous poem “The Wheel Barrow”)

William Carios Willams

These following lines are spoken by the Theban elders in Antigone (from “The Ode to Man”)

Who are the Theban referring to here (though no names are mentioned) as exhibiting reckless, extremist behavior?

Antigone and Creon

At the outset of The Odyssey, Homer calls on the following entity to help him do justice to the memory of the great Odysseus in The Odyssey. Who is it?

A Muse

This terms means “Tragic Flaw”

Hamartia

Which of the following works embodies satritic components (as it is funny yet carries a serious punch to the reader in its message)?

Lysistrata

In The Allegory of the Cave, Plato showcases the concept of the Philosopher King. Who else promotes this concept in his teachings?

Confucius

Which character from the Odyssey expresses her vehement disgust over the obvious double standard that exists between the gods and goddesses in the immortal realm?

Calypso

All of the following are characteristics of Sophoclean Tragedy except:

The fallen protagonist gains self knowledge, known as “Catharsis”

Sappho scholars point to the following of her poems as evidence that Sappho had romantic feelings for women

He Is More Than a Hero

Which character in the underworld tells Odysseus, “Hurry now to the light.” metaphorically signifying the importance of moving forward with life no matter how dire things may become?

Anticlea

In Greek Tragedy, such as Antigone, the chorus functions in the following way(s):

To both present the author’s views and to sing and/or dance

The blind oracle is a character in both The Odyssey and Antigone

Tiresias

Which of the following characters does Odysseus sleep with?

Calypso and Circe

Which work below is considered the first autobiography written in the west?

The Confessions

From which scripture does St. Augustine read (in the garden) that completes his conversion to Christianity?

Romans 13:13-14

Which of the following is a literary epic?

Dante’s Inferno (from The Divine Comedy)

In the video “Why Study St. Augustine of HIPPO” blank, professor of religions, politics, and ethics from the University of Nottingham, England expounds on St. Augustine’s groundbreaking thoughts on the trinity and original Sin

John Milbank

All of the following stories from the Thousand and One Nights are told to the demon (in the story of the merchant and the Demon) to win back the life of the Merchant except for:

the story told by the man with the donkey

St. Augustine’s mother, blank, was a devout Christian who rejoiced in her son’s eventual conversion to Christianity

Monica

All of the following stories are frame narratives except for

The Inferno

What theme is exemplified through the following passage from the Thousand and One Nights: “When the [last] sheik had finished his story, the demon shook his head with laughter and granted him a third of his claim on the merchant’s blood. The demon released the merchant and departed.”

Art as a Redeemer of Suffering

On his 40th birthday Muhammad began visions from the following angel, where the entire Koran was transmitted to him over 22 years

Gabriel

In March 632 CE Muhammad led a holy pilgrimage or blank to Mecca, a pilgrimage of farewell in his case, that has since become common practice for every Muslim, who is expected to make the journey at least once in their lifetime

Hajj

Which individual below was Dante’s beloved muse?

Beatrice

Who is Dante’s guide through the Inferno and Purgatorio?

Virgil

In his three mouths, Satan chews on the following sinners in circle nine of the inferno

Judas, Brutus, Cassius

Which couple below gives into their base desires after reading the tale of Guinevere and Lancelot, thus landing them in level two (lust) of the inferno?

Francesca and Paolo

Who is considered the father of the short story?

Boccaccio

Which of the following works showcases the corruption of the Church?

The Story of Alibech and Rustico

Which theme is expressed in the story of Guiscardo and Ghismonda?

The possibility of love crossing class lines

Which of the following works is considered a fabliau?

The story of Alibech and Rustico

The concept of “Contrapasso” is expressed in which of the following works?

The Inferno

Which of the followign authors offers a first-hand account fo the Black Plague in their work?

Boccaccio

Which of the following is not a similarity between the Decameron and the Canterbury Tales

The pilgrims in each of the works are young and beautiful

BLANK is a folk science that promotes the idea that one’s moral worth can be accurately determined by their outward appearance, especially that of the face (hint” remember our discussion of the Miller)

Physiognomy

Which of the following works is considered an “Exemplum”?

The Wife of Bath’s Tale

Which of the following works is considered an apologia?

The Wife of Bath’s Prologue

Through which of the following characters does Chaucer parody courtly love?

The Squire