Chapter 8 FINAL questions

Values (Functions of Governemnt)

right to a public trial, confront accusers, present evidence, judgement by jury of peers, presumption of innocence, proof beyond a reasonable doubt

Legitimacy (Function of GOV)

regular and fair proceedings encourage respect for rule of law and legal system

Security (Functions of gov)

- government protects citizens by prosecuting wrongdoers; no incarceration without trial

Symbolism (Function of GOV)

crime does not pay, results in fair and certain punishment

Democracy (Function of GOV)

provides popular knowledge about a case; jury trial provides popular participation in administration of justice

Law (Function of GOV)

- may result in appeal, appellate courts establish important legal principles and ensure that Constitution continues to meet contemporary challenges

The Derek Chauvin trial for the murder of George Floyd would be an example of a _____________ trial.

a.

Political

b.

Corruption

c.

Mystery and identity

d.

Worm in the bud

b.

Corruption

In which Amendment is there a right to a trial by jury for all criminal prosecutions?

a.

The 1st Amendment

b.

The 4th Amendment

c.

The 6th Amendment

d.

The 7th Amendment

c.

The 6th Amendment

Identify which of the following is true about jury size.

a.

The minimum size of individuals on a jury in criminal cases is 12.

b.

The minimum size of individuals on a jury in criminal cases is 6.

c.

The maximum size of individuals on a jury in criminal cases is 6.

d.

There is no minimum amount of people required to be on a jury in criminal cases.

b.

The minimum size of individuals on a jury in criminal cases is 6.

This type of jury deliberation begins with an informal vote, where the jurors divide into camps and the try to convince the other side to change their vote.

a.

verdict driven deliberation

b.

evidence driven deliberation

c.

experience driven deliberation

d.

Chicago style deliberation

a.

verdict driven deliberation

Tommy is a juror in a case where there is ample evidence of the defendant's guilt. However, Tommy believes that the system is imposing harsh sentences for that specific crime and does not want to participate in it. He tells other jurors they should vote the defendant not guilty. Tommy is engaging in ______.

a.

challenge for cause

b.

nullification

c.

peremptory challenge

d.

jury tampering

b.

nullification

Identify the year in which scientific jury selection was used for the first time.

a.

1965

b.

1972

c.

1987

d.

1999

b.

1972

Which of the following is NOT true about juries and social science?

a.

It is proven that scientific jury selection can predict the behavior of specific jurors.

b.

There is an increase in jury consultants.

c.

Consultants analyze body language and handwriting.

d.

Mock juries are used to test persuasiveness of arguments prior to actual trials.

a.

It is proven that scientific jury selection can predict the behavior of specific jurors.

The exclusion of a juror for no reason whatsoever is known as ______.

a.

peremptory challenge

b.

challenge for cause

c.

nullification

d.

none of the above

a.

peremptory challenge

The exclusion of a juror for the inability to be fair is known as ______.

a.

peremptory challenge

b.

challenge for cause

c.

nullification

d.

extreme vetting

b.

challenge for cause

Which of the following is NOT true about Furman v. Georgia?

a.

It placed a moratorium on the death penalty.

b.

The death penalty was ruled unconstitutional.

c.

The application of the death penalty was ruled unconstitutional.

d.

The death penalty was ruled constitutional.

b.

The death penalty was ruled unconstitutional.

Which of the following cases started the moratorium on the death penalty.

a.

Gregg v. Georgia

b.

Furman v. Georgia

c.

Roe v. Wade

d.

Ballew v. Georgia

b.

Furman v. Georgia

Which of the following was NOT factored into the decision process to end the moratorium on the death penalty in 1976?

a.

A two-stage (bifurcated) process

b.

A direct appeal

c.

The consideration of aggravated and mitigating circumstances

d.

Mandatory death sentencing

d.

Mandatory death sentencing

If a criminal was a victim of severe abuse as a child, that would be considered ____________.

a.

an aggravating circumstance

b.

a mitigating circumstance

c.

irrelevant in the sentencing process

d.

none of the above

b.

a mitigating circumstance

Identify which of the following cases ended the moratorium on the death penalty.

a.

Gregg v. Georgia

b.

Furman v. Georgia

c.

Ballew v. Georgia

d.

Roe v. Wade

a.

Gregg v. Georgia

A crime being particularly brutal would be considered ______.

a.

an aggravating circumstance

b.

a mitigating circumstance

c.

irrelevant in the sentencing process

d.

none of the above

a.

an aggravating circumstance

Restoration (goals of sentecning)

- defendant compensates victim

Rehabilitation (goals of sentecning)

punishment transforms individuals spiritually and psychologically and turns them into productive members of society

Incapacitation - (goals of sentecning)

punishment removes defendant from society for safety and security

Deterrence (goals of sentecning)

punishment intended to deter others from committing crime

Retribution (goals of sentecning)

punished in proportion to the harm caused by criminal conduct

Tom was convicted of rape and received the sentence of life in prison with the possibility of parole. He is up for parole board review. His sentence is an example of a(n) ______ sentence.

a.

indeterminate sentence

b.

determinate sentence

c.

mandatory minimum sentence

d.

presumptive sentence

a.

indeterminate sentence

Judges establishing the actual time served refers to ______.

a.

presumptive sentences

b.

mandatory minimum sentences

c.

indeterminate sentences

d.

determinate sentence

d.

determinate sentence

Legislature requires judges to sentence an offender to a minimum sentence no matter the mitigating factors. This refers to ______.

a.

indeterminate sentence

b.

determinate sentence

c.

presumptive sentence

d.

mandatory minimum sentence

d.

mandatory minimum sentence

Lisa was convicted of her third felony and the judge had to give her a set sentence without looking at her past history. Her sentence is an example of ______.

a.

determinate

b.

indeterminate

c.

presumptive

d.

mandatory minimum

mandatory minimum

House arrest, boot camps, and community service are examples of ______.

a.

Determinant sentencing

b.

Intermediate sanctions

c.

Mandatory minimum sentences

d.

Imprisonment

b.

Intermediate sanctions

The Innocence Project identified which of the following as a cause of wrongful convictions?

a.

misidentification by eyewitnesses

b.

inaccurate forensic evidence

c.

false reports from jailhouse snitches

d.

false confessions

e.

all of the above

e.

all of the above