Anatomy Weekly Quizzes

The sternum is _____________ to the thoracic spine, which is _____________ to the hand.

a) Medial; Distal

b) Superior; Lateral

c) Proximal; Posterior

d) Anterior; Proximal

D

Ron sustained an injury to his dominant left shoulder. He is struggling to replace the ceiling light in his room. What motion of the shoulder is MOST affected in this scenario? And what plane does this motion act in?

A) External Rotation; Coronal (Frontal)

B) Flexion; Sagittal

C) Flexion; Coronal (Frontal)

D) Internal Rotation; Transverse

 E) Abduction; Sagittal

Your patient with a cervical spinal cord injury (quadriplegia) is having an episode of autonomic dysreflexia. His blocked catheter activated his _____________ nervous system, which caused an increase in __________________.

A) Parasympathetic; Digestion

B) Central; Respiratory Rate

C) Somatic; Heart Rate

D) Sympathetic; Blood Pressure

There are ___________cervical vertebra (bones) and _____________cervical spinal nerves

A) 7;7

B) 8;8

C) 8;7

D) 7;8

D

Which movement of the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb is the most important for grasping your water bottle?

A) CMC palmar abduction

B) CMC radial abduction

A

Why may someone with myesthenia gravis experience difficulty breathing?

(Choose all that apply)

 

A) Reduced neurotransmitter receptor availability at the neuromuscular junction of the respiratory muscles

B) The muscles around the airways tighten, leading to narrowing of the airways. This bronchospasm reduces the airflow to the lungs (bronchoconstriction)

C) Systemic inflammation causing airway constriction

D) Weaker contraction of the respiratory muscles

A & D

A: Disruption of signal in junctions serving the diaphragm and other respiratory muscles, disrupting the signal from nerve to muscle.

(X) B: MG doesn't involve airway smooth muscle — it affects skeletal (voluntary) muscle, not the smooth muscle lining the airways.

(X) C: MG is autoimmune but is not primarily driven by systemic inflammatory airway constriction. The breathing difficulty comes from muscle weakness, not an inflammatory airway process.

D: Because fewer functional receptors are available, the signal to contract is less effective. This leads to weakness in the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, reducing the ability to take deep breaths,

People with multiple sclerosis have progressive muscle weakness due to damage of what cellular structure?

 

A) Neuromuscular junction

B) Cell body (nucleus)

C) Myelin

D) Neurotransmitter receptors

C

Which muscles are responsible for upward rotation of the scapula?  Choose all that apply.

 

A) Middle trapezius

B) Levator scapula

C) Latissimus dorsi

D) Serratus anterior

E) Lower trapezius

F) Rhomboids major and minor

G) Upper trapezius

D, E, G

Middle trapezius: Retraction

Levator scapula: Scapular Elevation/Scapular Downward Rotation

Latissimus dorsi: (GH) Adduction, Extension, Internal Rotation

Serratus anterior: Protraction/ Scapular Upward Rotation/ Keeps scapula flat

Lower trapezius: Scapular Depression/ Upward Rotation

Rhomboids major and minor: Scapular Retraction/Scapular Downward Rotation

Upper trapezius: Scapular Elevation/ Scapular Upward Rotation

Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are likely to experience both motor and sensory deficits.

 

True

 

False

False

• ALS is a motor neuron disorder, which means it only affects motor function. Sensory function is spared. 

You are doing freestyle swimming. As your right arm moves during freestyle shown below, your latissimus dorsi is working very hard through 3 actions of the glenohumeral joint, which are:

A) flexion, adduction, and external rotation

B) flexion, abduction, and internal rotation

C) extension, adduction, and internal rotation

D) extension, adduction, and external rotation

C

Which movement is the most painful in someone with supraspinatus impingement? 

 

a) GH extension

b) GH external rotation

c) GH internal rotation

d) GH abduction

D

Your patient is playing rugby and sustains a blunt injury to the shoulder, resulting in an axillary nerve injury. What motion(s) will be most affected? Choose 2 of the below potential answers.

 

a) scapular upward rotation

b) glenohumeral external rotation

c) glenohumeral abduction

d) glenohumeral internal rotation

B & C

A common symptom or deficit of Parkinsons Disease is  _______________ due to damage to the ____________________.

 

a) impaired decision making; cingulate gyrus

b) poor emotional regulation; amygdala

c) rigidity; hypothalamus

d) dysregulated sleep/wake cycles; thalamus

e) bradykinesia; basal ganglia

You have been horrified of clowns since your were a kid. You saw one recently at a Halloween event, and memories of fear resurfaced. There are many neurological structures that may be involved in your reaction. Which of the following 2 structures were most linked to your emotional response to this memory?

 

a) amygdala

b) hypothalamus

c) hippocampus

d) cingulate gyrus

e) thalamus

Mary was diagnosed with early stage Alzheimers disease and needs help remembering appointments and scheduled events. She is demonstrating deficits with her semantic memory.

 

True

False

False

• Episodic