Epigenetics

epigenetic changes can be

reversible and are often influenced by the evnironment

diffentiation means the

process where step cells become specialized and epigenetics helps guide this

stem cell

undifferenciated, can form more differenciated cells

undiffrerenciated

cells taht can develop ino many specialized types

waddington-epigenetic landscape

a metaphor showing how cells “roll down” diffrent paths to become a specified cell type

enviornment during development affects

epigenome of cells like predators

Daphania and the enviornment

they grow helmets in response to predator exposure driven by epigenetic change

two types of txn factor feedback loops

lots of activator→ stays high expression

not much activator→ stays low expression

lots of activator leads to

new cells also has lots of activator the daughter cell with inherit high expression lvls

not muc activators will lead to

new cells also has not much activator low expression will get passed on

barr bodies and epigenetics

is an example of epigenetic silencing no change ot DNA just turned off

Epigenetics by CpG islands

can be passed down during cell division but more epigentic marks are wiped clean every generation so offspirngs with get it

hemimethylated

each dna molecule withll have methylationon ONE dna strand but not the strand