Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance

Flashcards for lecture notes on Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance.

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

The fluid found within the cells, making up two-thirds of the body's fluids.

Body Water

The liquid in which the body's solid components are dissolved, accounting for 50-70% of body weight.

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

Includes interstitial, intravascular, and transcellular fluids.

Osmosis

Water moves through a semipermeable membrane toward higher solute concentration; high to low water concentration.

Diffusion

Solutes move from high to low concentration.

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)

Promotes water retention in kidneys.

Aldosterone

Increases sodium and water reabsorption.

ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor)

Promotes sodium and water excretion.

Hypovolemia

Fluid volume deficit.

Hypervolemia

Fluid volume excess.

General Function of Electrolytes

Conduct nerve impulses, maintain acid-base and fluid balance, and facilitate muscle contractions.

Sodium (Na⁺)

ECF balance, nerve impulses.

Potassium (K⁺)

Cardiac function, neuromuscular activity.

ROME

Acid-Base Imbalances