conducting tems test 1

Sharp

Raises the pitch of a note by one half step.

Flat

Lowers the pitch of a note by one half step.

Natural

Cancels a previous accidental or modifies pitch as defined by the key signature.

Double Sharp

Raises the pitch of a note by two half steps.

Double Flat

Lowers the pitch of a note by two half steps.

Tenuto

To hold a note its full value, or slightly longer.

Staccato

Performed in a detached, separated manner between notes.

Accent

The note is played with a slightly harder attack.

Marcato

Played with a more forceful attack than a regular attack.

Fermata

Sustains the note or rest for an indefinite length of time.

Tie

Joins two or more notes to be played as one note with added time values.

Slur

Two or more notes played with only the first note articulated.

Caesura

A brief, silent pause, during which time is not counted.

Breath Mark

Tells the performer to take a breath or make a slight pause.

Pianississimo

Extremely soft

Pianissimo

Very soft

Piano

Soft

Mezzo Piano

Medium soft

Mezzo Forte

Medium loud

Forte

Loud

Fortissimo

Very loud

Fortississimo

Extremely loud

Crescendo

A gradual increase in volume.

Decrescendo / Diminuendo

A gradual decrease in volume.

Sforzando

Denotes an abrupt accent on a single note.

Dal Segno

Repeat playing from the nearest segno, ending at fine or coda.

Da Capo

Repeat playing of the music from its beginning.

Repeat Signs

Enclose a passage that is to be played more than once.

Repeat Endings

A repeated passage to be played with different endings on different playings.

Grave

Very slow and solemn

Largo

Slow and broadly

Adagio

Slow and stately

Andante

At a walking pace

Andantino

Slightly faster than andante

Moderato

Moderately

Allegretto

Slightly faster than moderato

Allegro

Quickly and bright

Vivace

Lively and fast

Presto

Very fast

Prestissimo

Extremely fast

Tempo

The speed at which the beats happen in a composition.

Metronome

An apparatus for establishing musical tempo.

Meter

Organization of notes with respect to time to perceive a regular pulse.

Simple Meter

Each beat can be divided into two equal parts.

Compound Meter

Each beat can be divided into three equal parts.

Time Signature (Top Number)

Tells how many beats there are in each measure.

Time Signature (Bottom Number)

Tells what note value will receive the beat.

Double Whole Note

Breve

Whole Note

Semibreve

Half Note

Minim

Quarter Note

Crochet

Eighth Note

Quaver

Sixteenth Note

Semiquaver

Thirty-Second Note

Demisimiquaver

Sixty-Fourth Note

Hemidemisimiquaver