Data Privacy and Ethics

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the fundamental concepts of data privacy and ethics, common privacy risks, and the key provisions of the Philippine Data Privacy Act of 2012 (RA 10173).

Data Privacy

The right of individuals to control how their personal information is collected, used, stored, and shared by others, recognized as a fundamental human right.

Data Ethics

The set of moral principles and standards that govern how data is collected, stored, processed, and shared.

Personal Data

Information that identifies or relates to an individual, including names, addresses, contact information, online identifiers, and biometric data.

Online Identifiers

Technical details used online that identify an individual, such as IP address, usernames, and device IDs.

Biometric Data

Unique physical identifiers including fingerprints, facial recognition data, iris scans, and voice prints.

Identity Theft Prevention

The practice of protecting personal data to stop criminals from stealing an individual's identity and misusing their information.

Personal Safety

A reason for data privacy that protects individuals from harassment, stalking, and targeted harm.

Digital Reputation

The preservation of an individual's online image and future opportunities through the safeguarding of their data.

Transparency

An ethical principle requiring organizations to be open and honest about how they collect and use data.

Consent

The ethical principle that data must only be collected with the individual's informed permission.

Fairness

An ethical principle requiring that data use does not discriminate or cause harm to any person or group.

Accountability

The requirement that organizations and individuals who handle data must be responsible for their actions.

Sensitive Information

Categories of data requiring special protection, such as health and medical records, financial data, religious beliefs, and political affiliations.

Phishing Attacks

Fake messages used to trick users into revealing data, such as a student being directed to a fake website to verify a password.

Data Breaches

Unauthorized access to stored personal information where data like names and addresses are downloaded and exposed.

Unauthorized Tracking

The monitoring of online behavior or location without consent, often used to build profiles for targeted advertising.

Social Engineering

Manipulating people to expose sensitive data, such as pretending to be a school administrator to obtain a password and verification code.

Data Privacy Act of 2012 (RA 10173)

A Philippine law that protects personal information in both government and private sectors.

National Privacy Commission (NPC)

The body established to oversee compliance and enforcement of the Data Privacy Act of 2012.

Rights of Data Subjects

Legal entitlements including the right to be informed, access, object, erase or block, rectification, file a complaint, and the right to damages.

RA 10173 Penalties

Standard punishments for violations including imprisonment of $1-6$ years and fines ranging from $\text{₱500,000}$ to $\text{₱5,000,000}$.