APUSH PERIOD 5

Shakers

A religious utopian group that practiced celibacy, communal living, and gender equality, known for their craftsmanship.

Oneida Community

A utopian society in New York that practiced communal property and 'complex marriage', known for silverware manufacturing.

Shakers

A religious utopian group that practiced celibacy, communal living, and gender equality, known for their craftsmanship.

Oneida Community

A utopian society in New York that practiced communal property and 'complex marriage', known for silverware manufacturing.

Mormons Trek West

The westward migration of Mormons led by Brigham Young in search of religious freedom, settling in Salt Lake Valley.

Nat Turner’s Rebellion

A significant slave uprising in 1831 resulting in deaths of white individuals and executed enslaved people, leading to stricter slave laws.

Women’s Rights Movement

A movement emphasizing equal rights for women, highlighted by the Seneca Falls Convention and the work of figures like Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

Horace Mann

An education reform leader known for advocating public schooling and standardized curricula.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Author of 'Uncle Tom’s Cabin', a novel that shaped public opinion against slavery.

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across North America, justifying territorial acquisitions.

Oregon Territory

Region jointly occupied by the U.S. and Britain until 1846, pivotal in westward expansion.

'Fifty-four forty or fight!'

A slogan from President Polk's 1844 campaign, advocating for U.S. claims over the Oregon Territory.

Wilmot Proviso

A failed proposal to ban slavery in lands acquired from Mexico, igniting intense legislative debates.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

The treaty that ended the Mexican-American War, resulting in significant territorial gains for the U.S.

Compromise of 1850

A series of laws addressing tensions between free and slave states, including the admission of California as a free state.

Bleeding Kansas

Violent conflicts in Kansas Territory between pro- and anti-slavery factions leading up to the Civil War.

Dred Scott Decision

A Supreme Court ruling that denied citizenship to enslaved persons and nullified the Missouri Compromise.

Civil War Soldier Deaths

During the Civil War, disease was the leading cause of death, surpassing combat injuries.

Emancipation Proclamation

Lincoln's proclamation freeing slaves in Confederate states, pivotal for the Union's war efforts.

13th, 14th, 15th Amendments

Post-war amendments abolishing slavery, granting citizenship and voting rights to African Americans.

Lincoln’s 10% Plan

A lenient Reconstruction strategy requiring 10% of voters in Southern states to pledge loyalty for re-entry into the Union.

Carpetbaggers, Scalawags, Copperheads

Terms for different groups during Reconstruction: Northern opportunists, Southern Republicans, and peace Democrats, respectively.

Redeemers

Southern Democrats seeking to restore white supremacy and dismantle Reconstruction policies post-Civil War.

Black Codes

Laws in Southern states post-Civil War to limit the rights of freedmen and maintain white control.

Freedmen’s Bureau

Agency established to assist formerly enslaved individuals with education and job training.

Civil Rights Acts of 1866 & 1875

Laws aimed at securing citizenship and equal access rights, though the latter faced enforcement challenges.

President Johnson’s Impeachment

The impeachment of Andrew Johnson mainly for violating the Tenure of Office Act, reflecting the struggle over Reconstruction.

Radical Republicans

A faction demanding stricter Reconstruction measures and civil rights for freedmen, differing from more lenient approaches.

Sharecropping

Post-war labor arrangement in the South where freedmen worked land for a share of the crop, often leading to debt.

Ku Klux Klan (Founded 1865)

A white supremacist group established to suppress African American civil rights through intimidation and violence.

The Corrupt Bargain (1877)

The political deal that ended Reconstruction and allowed Southern Democrats to regain control.

End of Reconstruction (1877)

The withdrawal of federal troops from the South marking the end of Reconstruction and the rise of Jim Crow laws.

Rutherford B. Hayes (1877-1881)

President whose focus was on national reunification and navigating post-war Southern politics.