8/21 sagittal planes and axis

what is the sagittal plane?

a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts

what are key movements in the sagittal plane?

-dorsiflexion and plantarflexion
-flexion and extension
-forward and backward bending

what is the frontal(coronal) plane?

divides the body into front and back halves

what are key movements in the frontal (coronal) plane?

-abduction
-adduction
-lateral flexion of the trunk
-eversion and inversion of the foot

what is the transverse (horizontal) plane?

dividing the body into upper and lower halves

what are key movements in the transverse (horizontal) plane?

-horizontal abduction and adduction of the shoulder
-internal (medial) and external (lateral) rotation of limbs
-axial rotation

what is the medial-lateral axis?

An imaginary line that runs side-to-side through the body, perpendicular to the sagittal plane.

what is the inferior-superior axis?

runs vertically through the body, perpendicular to the transverse (horizontal) plane

What is the anterior-posterior axis?

runs front to back through the body, perpendicular with the frontal (coronal) plane

what are key movements in the mediolateral axis?

-knee flexion/extension
-shoulder flexion/extension
-trunk forward/backward bending
-cervical flexion/extension
-thumb abduction and adduction

what are the key rotational movements in the superior to inferior axis?

-spinal rotation (neck turning, trunk twisting)
-medial/internal and lateral/external rotation of the shoulder and hip

what are key movements in the anteroposterior axis?

-shoulder abduction
-hip abduction/adduction
-lateral flexion of the spine (side bending)
-ulnar/radial deviation of the wrist
-thumb flexion/extension